Of early animals, anaerobic mitochondria, and a modern sponge
Of early animals, anaerobic mitochondria, and a modern sponge
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DOI：
10.1002/bies.201400060
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Martin, William F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mentel, Marek;Roettger, Mayo;Martin, William F.
动物的起源和早期进化是生命史上的一个重要事件。这一事件在历史上与地球历史上的一个重要变量-氧气有关。一种观点认为，在新元古代末期（大约6亿年前），海洋中氧气含量的增加使动物变得更大并留下化石。氧气对早期动物进化过程有多重要？新的数据表明，一些现代海绵可以在低氧水平下存活数周。许多动物群体都有科普低氧或缺氧的机制，并且通常，线粒体-通常与氧相关的细胞器-参与动物的无氧能量代谢。这是一个很好的时间来刷新我们对现代动物线粒体厌氧能力的记忆，以及它与早期后生动物生态学的关系。
The origin and early evolution of animals marks an important event in life's history. This event is historically associated with an important variable in Earth history - oxygen. One view has it that an increase in oceanic oxygen levels at the end of the Neoproterozoic Era (roughly 600 million years ago) allowed animals to become large and leave fossils. How important was oxygen for the process of early animal evolution? New data show that some modern sponges can survive for several weeks at low oxygen levels. Many groups of animals have mechanisms to cope with low oxygen or anoxia, and very often, mitochondria - organelles usually associated with oxygen - are involved in anaerobic energy metabolism in animals. It is a good time to refresh our memory about the anaerobic capacities of mitochondria in modern animals and how that might relate to the ecology of early metazoans.