Shallow sources of upper mantle seismic anisotropy in East Africa
Shallow sources of upper mantle seismic anisotropy in East Africa
复制标题
东非上地幔地震各向异性的浅源
DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118488
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发表时间:
2024
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Ebinger C
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ebinger C
The East African rift overlies one or more mantle upwellings and it traverses heterogeneous Archaean-Paleozoic lithosphere rifted in Mesozoic and Cenozoic time. We re-analyze XKS shear wave splitting at publicly available stations to evaluate models for rifting above mantle plumes. We use consistent criteria to compare and contrast both splitting direction and strength, infilling critical gaps with new data from the Turkana Depression and North Tanzania Divergence sectors of the East African rift system. Our results show large spatial variations in the amount of splitting (0.1–2.5 s), with fast axes predominantly sub-parallel to the orientation of Cenozoic rifts underlain by thinned lithosphere with and without surface magmatism. The amount of splitting increases with lithospheric thinning and magmatic modification. Nowhere are fast axes perpendicular to the rift, arguing against the development of extensional strain fabrics. Thick cratons are characterized by small amounts of splitting (≤0.5 s) with a variety of orientations that may characterize mantle plume flow. Splitting rotates to rift parallel and increases in strength over short distances into rift zones, implying a shallow depth range for the anisotropy in some places. The shallow source and correlation between splitting direction and the shape of upper mantle thin zones suggests that the combination of channel flow and oriented melt pockets contribute > 1 s to the observed splitting delays. Enhanced flow, metasomatism, and melt intrusion at the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary suggest that fluid infiltration to the base of the lithosphere may facilitate rifting of cratonic lithosphere.
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
影响因子:
--
作者:
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通讯作者:
N. Creasy
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2006
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
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DOI:
10.1029/2020jb019929
发表时间:
2020-11
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
影响因子:
--
作者:
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通讯作者:
Sung‐Joon Chang;E. Kendall;A. Davaille;A. Ferreira
影响因子:
2.3
作者:
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通讯作者:
G. Rümpker
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2011
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
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