COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR IN THE MELANOGASTER SPECIES SUBGROUP OF DROSOPHILA
COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR IN THE MELANOGASTER SPECIES SUBGROUP OF DROSOPHILA
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DOI：
10.1163/156853985x00136
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
BURNET, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
COBB, M;CONNOLLY, K;BURNET, B
描述了黑腹果蝇物种亚群的七种成员的求偶行为：黑腹果蝇、拟人猿、毛果蝇、雅库巴、雷西耶里、埃列克塔和奥雷纳。在除黑腹猴和拟人猿以外的所有物种中，都观察到了一种以前没有报道的雄性翅膀行为，即翅膀延伸。雄性翼划艇，以前在毛虾和蒂西耶里被报道过，在除黑腹蛇和奥雷纳以外的所有物种中都可以看到单翼或双翼的变体。蒂西耶里展示了最极端的机翼划桨形式，而雅库巴则展示了最广泛的机翼振动角度。除了拟人猿和毛冠猴以外的所有物种都观察到雄性的轻拍，但并不总是在求爱开始时，也不是在每一次求爱时。在黑腹鼠和直立体中观察到处女的突出，在雌性拟人猿、雅库巴人、提西里人和奥雷纳人中观察到腹部伸展。除了拟人猿以外的所有物种都观察到雌性翅膀的行为。翼展和翼划不同于振动和剪裁(它们的行为非常相似)。在这对行为之间有很强的行为联系，因为翅膀的伸展通常会导致振动，翅膀的划桨会导致剪裁，反之亦然。在观察到Yakuba的长时间舔食后，提出了舔食的机械作用。舔食的功能被认为是抬高雌性S的腹部，为交配做准备。基于求偶行为的主坐标分析了这七个物种之间的关系。这表明两个世界性物种--拟人猿和黑腹鼠--在求偶行为上差异最大，其中毛刺猴与拟人猿最相似。这一发现被评估与这七个物种的生态，求偶行为在物种形成中的作用，以及从行为推断在系统发育分析中的可靠性。
Descriptions of courtship behaviour are given for seven members of the melanogaster species sub-group: Drosophila melanogaster, simulans, mauritiana, yakuba, leissieri, erecta and orena. A male wing behaviour not previously reported, wing extension, was observed in either 1- or 2-wing variants in all species except melanogaster and simulans. Male wing rowing, previously reported in mauritiana and teissieri, was seen in 1- or 2-wing variants in all species except melanogaster and orena. D. teissieri showed the most extreme form of wing rowing, and yakuba the widest variety of angles of wing vibration. Tapping by the male was observed in all species except simulans and mauritiana, but not always at the onset of courtship and not in every courtship. Extrusion in virgin females was observed in melanogaster and erecta, and abdomen extension in female simulans, yakuba, teissieri and orena. Female wing behaviours were observed in all species except simulans. Wing extension and wing rowing are distinct from vibration and scissoring (behaviours they strongly resemble). There is strong a behavioural connection between these pairs of behaviours, in that wing extension often leads to vibration, wing rowing to scissoring, and vice versa. A mechanical function for licking is proposed, following observation of long duration licking in yakuba. The function of licking is thought to be elevation of the female''s abdomen, preparatory to copulation. The relationship between the seven species based on their courtship behaviours was examined using principal coordinates analysis. This suggests that the two cosmopolitan species, simulans and melanogaster, differ most widely in their courtship behaviour, with mauritiana being the most similar to simulans. This finding is assessed in relation to the ecology of the seven species, the role of courtship behaviour in speciation, and the reliability of inferences from behaviour in phylogenetic analyses.