FRIPON: a worldwide network to track incoming meteoroids
FRIPON: a worldwide network to track incoming meteoroids
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DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/202038649
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发表时间：
2020-12-02
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Zollo, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colas, F.;Zanda, B.;Zollo, A.
上下文直到最近，为监测全球火球而设计的摄像机网络还没有完全自动化，这意味着在陨石坠落的情况下，恢复活动很少是立即的。这是一个重要的限制因素，因为最脆弱的-因此是珍贵的-陨石必须迅速恢复，以避免它们的变化。火球回收和行星际观测网络（FRIPON）科学项目旨在克服这一限制。该网络包括部署在西欧大部分地区和加拿大一小部分地区的全自动摄像机和无线电网络。截至今天，它由150个摄像机和25个欧洲无线电接收器组成，覆盖面积约为1.5 x 10（6）km（2）。FRIPON网络自2018年起全面运行，自2016年以来一直在监测流星体进入，从而能够确定其动力学和物理特性。此外，该网络的自动化程度使得有可能在陨石到达地球表面几个小时后就启动陨石回收活动。回收活动只针对最终质量估计至少为500克的陨石组织，这在法国大约每年一次。没有恢复运动的情况下组织的最后质量较小的顺序为50至100克，这发生在每年约三次;相反，信息提供给当地媒体，使其能够达到居民生活在附近的秋天。迄今为止，FRIPON已探测到近4000颗流星体并对其进行了定性。它们的轨道分布似乎是双峰式的，有彗星人口和主带人口。零星流星约占所有流星的55%。对流星体绝对流量（星等< -5;流星体大小>= 1厘米）的初步估计为1250/年/10（6）km（2）。这一数值与先前的估计相符。最后，由于PRISMA网络（FRIPON科学项目的一个组成部分），第一颗陨石在意大利（Cavezzo，2020年1月）被回收。
Context. Until recently, camera networks designed for monitoring fireballs worldwide were not fully automated, implying that in case of a meteorite fall, the recovery campaign was rarely immediate. This was an important limiting factor as the most fragile - hence precious - meteorites must be recovered rapidly to avoid their alteration.Aims. The Fireball Recovery and InterPlanetary Observation Network (FRIPON) scientific project was designed to overcome this limitation. This network comprises a fully automated camera and radio network deployed over a significant fraction of western Europe and a small fraction of Canada. As of today, it consists of 150 cameras and 25 European radio receivers and covers an area of about 1.5 x 10(6) km(2).Methods. The FRIPON network, fully operational since 2018, has been monitoring meteoroid entries since 2016, thereby allowing the characterization of their dynamical and physical properties. In addition, the level of automation of the network makes it possible to trigger a meteorite recovery campaign only a few hours after it reaches the surface of the Earth. Recovery campaigns are only organized for meteorites with final masses estimated of at least 500 g, which is about one event per year in France. No recovery campaign is organized in the case of smaller final masses on the order of 50 to 100 g, which happens about three times a year; instead, the information is delivered to the local media so that it can reach the inhabitants living in the vicinity of the fall.Results. Nearly 4000 meteoroids have been detected so far and characterized by FRIPON. The distribution of their orbits appears to be bimodal, with a cometary population and a main belt population. Sporadic meteors amount to about 55% of all meteors. A first estimate of the absolute meteoroid flux (mag < -5; meteoroid size >=similar to 1 cm) amounts to 1250/yr/10(6) km(2). This value is compatible with previous estimates. Finally, the first meteorite was recovered in Italy (Cavezzo, January 2020) thanks to the PRISMA network, a component of the FRIPON science project.