Site-specialization of human oral Gemella species.

Site-specialization of human oral Gemella species.
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DOI:
10.1080/20002297.2023.2225261
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
4.5
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学2区
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--
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双生菌属是健康受试者中人类口腔微生物组的核心成员,被认为是寄生菌,尽管它们可能引起机会性感染。我们的目标是通过结合泛基因组学和宏基因组学来评估口内不同生境中Gemella物种的位点特化。通过泛基因组学,我们确定了基因组关系,并将基因分类为每个物种的核心和附属基因。通过宏基因组学,我们确定了个体基因组的主要口腔栖息地。我们的研究结果表明,三个物种的基因组,G。haemolysans、G. sanguinis和G. morbillorum,在人类口腔的不同部位是丰富和普遍的:G。口腔粘膜和角化牙龈上的溶血素; sanguinis分布于舌背、咽喉和扁桃体;在牙菌斑中的麻疹。位点特异性的基因水平的基础进行了研究,通过确定基因的核心Gemella基因组在一个特定的口腔网站,但没有从其他Gemella基因组。核黄素生物合成途径存在于G.溶血素基因组与颊粘膜相关,但在其余基因组中不存在。总的来说,元基因组学表明,Gemella物种在健康人的口腔中具有明确的生态偏好,并提供了一种识别位点特异性的基因水平驱动因素的方法。
Gemella species are core members of the human oral microbiome in healthy subjects and are regarded as commensals, although they can cause opportunistic infections. Our objective was to evaluate the site-specialization of Gemella species among various habitats within the mouth by combining pangenomics and metagenomics. With pangenomics, we identified genome relationships and categorized genes as core and accessory to each species. With metagenomics, we identified the primary oral habitat of individual genomes. Our results establish that the genomes of three species, G. haemolysans, G. sanguinis and G. morbillorum, are abundant and prevalent in human mouths at different oral sites: G. haemolysans on buccal mucosa and keratinized gingiva; G. sanguinis on tongue dorsum, throat, and tonsils; and G. morbillorum in dental plaque. The gene-level basis of site-specificity was investigated by identifying genes that were core to Gemella genomes at a specific oral site but absent from other Gemella genomes. The riboflavin biosynthesis pathway was present in G. haemolysans genomes associated with buccal mucosa but absent from the rest of the genomes. Overall, metapangenomics show that Gemella species have clear ecological preferences in the oral cavity of healthy humans and provides an approach to identifying gene-level drivers of site specificity.
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