Parameterization of cold-season processes in the MAPS land-surface scheme
Parameterization of cold-season processes in the MAPS land-surface scheme
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DOI：
10.1029/1999jd901047
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发表时间：
2000-02
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Smirnova;John M. Brown;S. Benjamin;Dongsoo Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Smirnova;John M. Brown;S. Benjamin;Dongsoo Kim
覆盖美国本土的大气/地表耦合模型以及相关的 1 小时大气数据同化周期，即中尺度分析和预测系统 (MAPS)，已得到改进，包括积雪/融化方案以及冻土过程的参数化。本文描述了地表模型的新方面，以及使用俄罗斯瓦尔代 18 年观测数据集进行的详细一维 (1-D) 测试。这些测试表明，MAPS 一维土壤/植被/雪模型能够在多年期间对有大量积雪和冻土的地点提供准确的模拟。测试的统计分析表明，在春季融化季节，通过纳入这些额外的表面过程，预计积雪深度、表皮温度，尤其是径流将得到改善。一维测试中的这种性能是土壤温度和湿度场以及 3-D MAPS 耦合同化循环中水文循环的其他组成部分的长期稳健行为的必要先决条件。
A coupled atmospheric/land-surface model covering the conterminous United States with an associated 1-hour atmospheric data assimilation cycle, the Mesoscale Analysis and Prediction System (MAPS), has been improved to include a snow accumulation/melting scheme and also parameterization of processes in frozen soil. The new aspects of the land-surface model are described in this paper, along with detailed one-dimensional (1-D) tests using an 18-year observation data set from Valday, Russia. These tests show that the MAPS 1-D soil/vegetation/snow model is capable of providing accurate simulations over multiyear periods at locations with significant snow cover and frozen soil. A statistical analysis of the tests shows the expected improvement in snow depth, skin temperature, and especially in runoff from inclusion of these additional surface processes during the spring melting season. This performance in 1-D tests is a necessary prerequisite for robust long-term behavior of soil temperature and moisture fields and other components of the hydrological cycle in the 3-D MAPS coupled assimilation cycle.