GENETIC STRUCTURE AND DOMESTICATION OF CARROT (DAUCUS CAROTA SUBSP SATIVUS) (APIACEAE)
GENETIC STRUCTURE AND DOMESTICATION OF CARROT (DAUCUS CAROTA SUBSP SATIVUS) (APIACEAE)
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DOI：
10.3732/ajb.1300055
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Simon, Philipp W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iorizzo, Massimo;Senalik, Douglas A.;Simon, Philipp W.
研究前提：对遗传结构和系统发育关系的分析阐明了现代作物的起源和驯化。胡萝卜(Daucus Carota)是一种重要的世界性蔬菜，但人们对其遗传结构和驯化过程知之甚少。我们首次利用广泛分布在世界各地的分子标记和材料的大量数据集进行了这样的研究。方法：利用胡萝卜转录组的测序数据分析了4000个单核苷酸多态(SNPs)。使用Kaspar分析方法对84个基因型进行了分型，其中包括野生和栽培胡萝卜的地理分布亚集。关键结果：SNP数据的等位基因多样性分析表明，栽培胡萝卜和野生胡萝卜的遗传多样性没有降低。结构和系统发育分析表明，野生胡萝卜和栽培胡萝卜以及东部和西部栽培胡萝卜之间存在明显的分离。在野生胡萝卜中，来自中亚的胡萝卜在遗传上与栽培胡萝卜最相似。此外，我们还发现来自北美的野生胡萝卜与欧洲野生胡萝卜的亲缘关系最近。结论：比较野生胡萝卜和栽培胡萝卜的遗传多样性表明，在胡萝卜驯化过程中没有遗传瓶颈。结合历史文献，我们的结果表明驯化胡萝卜起源于中亚。来自北美的野生胡萝卜很可能是作为杂草随着欧洲的殖民而引入的。这些结果为长期争论的胡萝卜进化和驯化问题提供了答案，并为种质馆长和育种者提供了关于胡萝卜遗传资源的遗传亚结构的信息。
Premise of the study: Analyses of genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships illuminate the origin and domestication of modern crops. Despite being an important worldwide vegetable, the genetic structure and domestication of carrot (Daucus carota) is poorly understood. We provide the first such study using a large data set of molecular markers and accessions that are widely dispersed around the world.Methods: Sequencing data from the carrot transcriptome were used to develop 4000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Eighty-four genotypes, including a geographically well-distributed subset of wild and cultivated carrots, were genotyped using the KASPar assay.Key results: Analysis of allelic diversity of SNP data revealed no reduction of genetic diversity in cultivated vs. wild accessions. Structure and phylogenetic analysis indicated a clear separation between wild and cultivated accessions as well as between eastern and western cultivated carrot. Among the wild carrots, those from Central Asia were genetically most similar to cultivated accessions. Furthermore, we found that wild carrots from North America were most closely related to European wild accessions.Conclusions: Comparing the genetic diversity of wild and cultivated accessions suggested the absence of a genetic bottleneck during carrot domestication. In conjunction with historical documents, our results suggest an origin of domesticated carrot in Central Asia. Wild carrots from North America were likely introduced as weeds with European colonization. These results provide answers to long-debated questions of carrot evolution and domestication and inform germplasm curators and breeders on genetic substructure of carrot genetic resources.