Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs)
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.molimm.2003.10.011
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发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Dziarski, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dziarski, R
先天免疫系统通过一系列在进化中高度保守的模式识别受体识别微生物。肽聚糖识别蛋白（PGRP）是从昆虫到哺乳动物都保守的模式识别分子，可识别细菌及其独特的细胞壁成分肽聚糖（PGN）。果蝇、蚊子和哺乳动物分别有13、7和4个PGRP基因家族，其中一些基因是选择性剪接的。PGRP在各种细胞和组织中差异表达，它们的表达通常被细菌上调，并且它们介导宿主对细菌感染的应答。昆虫PGRP具有四种已知的昆虫特有的效应子功能：酚氧化酶原级联的激活、Toll受体的激活、Imd途径的激活和吞噬作用的诱导。一种功能，酰胺酶活性，是由一些昆虫和哺乳动物PGRP共享的，而一些哺乳动物PGRP的抗菌活性是哺乳动物所独有的。(C)2003 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。
Innate immune system recognizes microorganisms through a series of pattern recognition receptors that are highly conserved in evolution. Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are pattern recognition molecules that are conserved from insects to mammals and recognize bacteria and their unique cell wall component, peptidoglycan (PGN). Drosophila, mosquito, and mammals have families of 13, 7, and 4 PGRP genes, respectively, and some of these genes are alternatively spliced. PGRPs are differentially expressed in various cells and tissues, their expression is often upregulated by bacteria, and they mediate host responses to bacterial infections. Insect PGRPs have four known effector functions that are unique for insects: activation of prophenoloxidase cascade, activation of Toll receptor, activation of Imd pathway, and induction of phagocytosis. One function, amidase activity, is shared by some insect and mammalian PGRPs, whereas antibacterial activity of some mammalian PGRPs is unique for mammals. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.