Memory B Cells in Local and Systemic Sites
Memory B Cells in Local and Systemic Sites
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局部和全身部位的记忆 B 细胞
DOI：
10.1007/978-981-15-3532-1_5
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Takahashi Yoshimasa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Moriyama Saya;Adachi Yu;Tonouchi Keisuke;Takahashi Yoshimasa
记忆B细胞是对感染性病原体的保护性体液应答的关键细胞组分。我们对记忆B细胞应答的大部分知识来自于使用单表位模型抗原的研究，所述单表位模型抗原引起由典型B细胞抗原受体主导的全身体液应答。这种方法成功地解剖了记忆B细胞的系统反应，并大大提高了我们对记忆B细胞形成、维持和在次级淋巴器官中对重新入侵抗原的再活化的理解。然而，典型的记忆B细胞反应未能完全概括保护性记忆反应的异质性。事实上，使用“天然”抗原和活病原体的累积研究已经揭示了记忆B细胞应答的新方面，这是通过具有不同表型、组织驻留和对抗原刺激的应答性的记忆B细胞实现的。这种非典型的记忆B细胞反应经常在活病原体最初感染和复制的局部部位观察到。重要的是，局部记忆B细胞反应通常作为抵抗再次感染病原体的第一道防线，从而在控制病原体方面发挥重要作用。在这里，我们提供了一个全面的概述系统和局部记忆B细胞反应的体液保护性免疫对病原体。
Memory B cells are a key cellular component of the protective humoral responses to infectious pathogens. Most of our knowledge of memory B-cell responses comes from studies using mono-epitopic model antigens that elicit systemic humoral responses dominated by canonical B-cell antigen receptors. This approach successfully dissected the systemic responses of memory B cells and greatly advanced our understanding of memory B-cell formation, maintenance, and reactivation to re-invading antigens in the secondary lymphoid organs. However, the canonical memory B-cell responses fail to fully recapitulate the heterogeneity of the protective memory responses. Indeed, accumulating studies using “natural” antigens and live pathogens have uncovered new aspects of memory B-cell responses, which are achieved by memory B cells with different phenotypes, tissue residence, and responsiveness to antigen stimulation. Such non-canonical memory B-cell responses are frequently observed in local sites where live pathogens initially infect and replicate. Importantly, the local memory B-cell responses often serve as the first line of defense against re-infecting pathogens, thereby playing an essential role in controlling the pathogens. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the systemic and local memory B-cell responses in the humoral protective immunity against pathogens.