Environmental exposure to cadmium at a level insufficient to induce renal tubular dysfunction does not affect bone density among female Japanese farmers
Environmental exposure to cadmium at a level insufficient to induce renal tubular dysfunction does not affect bone density among female Japanese farmers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2004.03.004
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Kayama, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horiguchi, H;Oguma, E;Kayama, F
最近的一些研究表明，在环境中暴露于镉，即使是低水平的镉，也可能增加患骨质疏松症的风险，而且骨骼脱矿化并不像以前报道的那样，只是高剂量镉引起的肾功能障碍的继发性影响。为探讨不足以引起肾脏损害的镉暴露对骨密度(BMD)和骨代谢的影响，我们对日本五个地区的1380名女性农民进行了健康检查，她们食用了受低到中等水平镉污染的大米。采集外周血、尿样本及医学和营养信息，测量前臂骨密度。按尿镉水平和与年龄相关的月经状况分组的受试者的数据分析表明，镉既加速了绝经前后尿钙排泄的增加，也加速了绝经后骨密度的下降。然而，多变量分析显示，镉对骨密度或尿钙排泄量没有显著影响，表明上述结果受到其他因素的干扰。这些结果表明，环境中镉的暴露水平不足以导致肾功能障碍，并不会增加骨质疏松症的风险，这有力地支持了镉引起的骨损伤是一种继发性效应的既定解释。(C)2004 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Some recent research suggests that environmental exposure to cadmium, even at low levels, may increase the risk of osteoporosis, and that the bone demineralization is not just a secondary effect of renal dysfunction induced by high doses of cadmium as previously reported. To investigate the effect of exposure to cadmium at a level insufficient to induce kidney damage on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism, we conducted health examinations on 1380 female farmers from five districts in Japan who consumed rice contaminated by low-to-moderate levels of cadmium. We collected peripheral blood and urine samples and medical and nutritional information, and measured forearm BMD. Analysis of the data for subjects grouped by urinary cadmium level and age-related menstrual status suggested that cadmium accelerates both the increase of urinary calcium excretion around the time of menopause and the subsequent decrease in bone density after menopause. However, multivariate analyses showed no significant contribution of cadmium to bone density or urinary calcium excretion, indicating that the results mentioned above were confounded by other factors. These results indicate that environmental exposure to cadmium at levels insufficient to induce renal dysfunction does not increase the risk of osteoporosis, strongly supporting the established explanation for bone injury induced by cadmium as a secondary effect. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.