Th17 cells and regulatory T cells in elite control over HIV and SIV.
Th17 cells and regulatory T cells in elite control over HIV and SIV.
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DOI：
10.1097/coh.0b013e32834577b3
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发表时间：
2011-05
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Dandekar S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hartigan-O'Connor DJ;Hirao LA;McCune JM;Dandekar S
我们目前的研究结果关于两个亚群的CD 4 + T细胞，发挥了重要作用，在最初的主机响应感染人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV）：那些生产IL-17（Th 17细胞）和那些具有免疫抑制功能（CD 25 + FoxP 3+调节性T细胞，或T-reg）。这些细胞在控制病毒感染和免疫激活以及预防HIV感染精英控制者免疫缺陷中的作用将被研究。我们还将讨论使用猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）感染的艾滋病猕猴模型来研究这些细胞和体内慢病毒感染之间的相互作用。对人类和非人类灵长类动物（NHP）中Th 17细胞的研究表明，这些细胞的耗竭与感染肠道的微生物产物传播、全身免疫激活增加和疾病进展有关。最令人印象深刻的是，已经发现具有较小的Th 17细胞区室可以预测这些结果。T-reg与降低的抗病毒T细胞应答相关，但与抑制全身性T细胞活化无关。这两种细胞亚群都影响先天免疫应答，并且在这样做时，可以在感染时塑造宿主的炎症环境。Th 17细胞、T-reg和先天免疫系统细胞之间的相互作用从最早阶段（甚至在适应性免疫出现之前）就影响HIV和SIV感染的进程。这种相互作用可能是精英控制疾病进展的关键。
We present current findings about two subsets of CD4+ T cells that play an important part in the initial host response to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV): those producing IL-17 (Th17 cells) and those with immunosuppressive function (CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells, or T-reg). The role of these cells in control of viral infection and immune activation as well as in prevention of immune deficiency in HIV-infected elite controllers will be examined. We will also discuss the use of the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaque model of AIDS to study the interplay between these cells and lentiviral infection in vivo. Study of Th17 cells in humans and non-human primates (NHP) has shown that depletion of these cells is associated with dissemination of microbial products from the infected gut, increased systemic immune activation, and disease progression. Most impressively, having a smaller Th17 cell compartment has been found to predict these outcomes. T-reg have been associated with reduced antiviral T cell responses but not with suppression of generalized T cell activation. Both cell subsets influence innate immune responses and, in so doing, may shape the inflammatory milieu of the host at infection. Interactions between Th17 cells, T-reg, and cells of the innate immune system influence the course of HIV and SIV infection from its earliest stages, even before the appearance of adaptive immunity. Such interactions may be pivotal for elite control over disease progression.