Consistent individual differences in the social phenotypes of wild great tits, Parus major.
Consistent individual differences in the social phenotypes of wild great tits, Parus major.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.07.016
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发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Sheldon BC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aplin LM;Firth JA;Farine DR;Voelkl B;Crates RA;Culina A;Garroway CJ;Hinde CA;Kidd LR;Psorakis I;Milligan ND;Radersma R;Verhelst BL;Sheldon BC
尽管人们对动物社会网络的兴趣日益浓厚，但令人惊讶的是，人们对个体的社会网络特征是否一致知之甚少。网络很少重复采样；然而，在对社会过程和结构的后果作出结论时，往往会假设社会行为中的个人一致性。因此，这种社会表型的特征对于理解社会网络结构对个体适应度结果的重要性，以及更广泛地理解社会行为中个体变异的进化和生态至关重要。在这里，我们测量了大山雀在三个冬天的觅食关联，并使用一系列社会网络指标来量化社会行为的个体差异。然后，我们在短期（一周到一周）和长期（一年到一年）的时间尺度上检查了社会行为的可重复性，并调查了不同年龄和性别阶层的可重复性变化。社会行为在所有时间尺度上都具有显著的可重复性，在群体规模选择和未加权程度（衡量社交性）上观察到的可重复性最高。通过随机化来控制个体的时空分布，我们进一步表明，社会表型的差异不仅可以用局部密度的种群内变异来解释，而且还反映了社会决策的精细尺度变异。我们的研究结果提供了野生动物种群稳定社会表型的罕见证据。这种稳定的社会表型可以成为选择的目标，并且可能对个体及其社会觅食同伴具有重要的适应性结果。社交网络可能有助于量化社交中的个体差异。我们通过测量复制社会网络中的个人一致性来验证这一点。在3年的时间里，总共对729-1053只大山雀进行了41次采样。个体在社会网络位置上的一致性较高。在控制空间使用的情况下，我们发现在精细尺度的社会行为中存在个体差异。
Despite growing interest in animal social networks, surprisingly little is known about whether individuals are consistent in their social network characteristics. Networks are rarely repeatedly sampled; yet an assumption of individual consistency in social behaviour is often made when drawing conclusions about the consequences of social processes and structure. A characterization of such social phenotypes is therefore vital to understanding the significance of social network structure for individual fitness outcomes, and for understanding the evolution and ecology of individual variation in social behaviour more broadly. Here, we measured foraging associations over three winters in a large PIT-tagged population of great tits, and used a range of social network metrics to quantify individual variation in social behaviour. We then examined repeatability in social behaviour over both short (week to week) and long (year to year) timescales, and investigated variation in repeatability across age and sex classes. Social behaviours were significantly repeatable across all timescales, with the highest repeatability observed in group size choice and unweighted degree, a measure of gregariousness. By conducting randomizations to control for the spatial and temporal distribution of individuals, we further show that differences in social phenotypes were not solely explained by within-population variation in local densities, but also reflected fine-scale variation in social decision making. Our results provide rare evidence of stable social phenotypes in a wild population of animals. Such stable social phenotypes can be targets of selection and may have important fitness consequences, both for individuals and for their social-foraging associates. Social networks may be useful to quantify individual differences in sociality. We test this by measuring individual consistency in replicated social networks. A population of 729–1053 great tits was sampled a total of 41 times over 3 years. Individuals showed relatively high consistency in social network position. Controlling for space use found individual variation in fine-scale social behaviour.