Empty spiracles, a gap gene containing a homeobox involved in Drosophila head development.
Empty spiracles, a gap gene containing a homeobox involved in Drosophila head development.
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空气孔，一种间隙基因，含有参与果蝇头部发育的同源盒。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Aggacttcccagagga Ttagaaaacagaaaaccgtgct Taaaccctcgaaaaaaaagccgcca
中科院分区：
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作者：
Ctwcagggtagataaaa Tccacaaggcwcggcgaagaagacggcca Tactacaccgagcacagtgc Tttggcct;Ctatattctccgtcttccgacacaaaaaa Taagaaaaacgagcgcgtcgatcgccg Tagagcacaagtc Ttgacaacccgag;Aggacttcccagagga Ttagaaaacagaaaaccgtgct Taaaccctcgaaaaaaaagccgcca
果蝇空气门基因（empty spiracles，ems）是果蝇头部正常形成和后气门发育所必需的基因。我们已经分离了一个含有同源框的基因，W13，通过交叉同源使用果蝇肌肉节同源框基因（msh）作为探针。W13基因定位于88A，其中EMS基因座先前已被遗传定位。在两个突变的ems等位基因的W13编码区中发现的序列改变表明W13是ems基因。对应于ems转录物的2.4kb RNA在整个胚胎和幼虫阶段从细胞胚盘表达。原位杂交整个安装胚胎揭示了两个领域的表达。在细胞胚盘阶段，ems在发育中的头部以单个前带表达。这与其作为前间隙基因的可能功能相关，前间隙基因在触角前、触角和中间节中表达，并且是触角感觉器官、视叶和头部骨骼部分发育所需的。ems基因的早期表达受前形态原bicoid（bcd）控制。使用基因融合，我们确定了一个顺式作用元件，它是bcd基因产物的靶点。在胚胎发育后期，ems在气管小凹形成和侧成神经细胞起源的每个节的侧区以及后气门中表达。这种晚期表达部分与ems胚胎气管树的缺陷相关。除了同源结构域之外，预测的蛋白质序列的N末端部分非常富含脯氨酸，而C末端具有与ems基因产物作为转录因子的作用一致的酸性特征。
The empty spiracles (ems) gene of Drosophila melanogaster is necessary for proper head formation and the development of the posterior spiracles. We have isolated a homeobox‐containing gene, W13, by cross‐homology using the Drosophila muscle segment homeobox gene (msh) as a probe. The W13 gene maps at 88A, where the ems locus has been previously localized genetically. The sequence alterations found in the W13 coding region from two mutant ems alleles show that W13 is the ems gene. A 2.4 kb RNA corresponding to the ems transcript is expressed from cellular blastoderm throughout all embryonic and larval stages. In situ hybridization to whole mount embryos reveals two domains of expression. During the cellular blastoderm stage ems is expressed in the developing head in a single anterior band. This is correlated with its possible function as an anterior gap gene that is expressed in the preantennal, antennal and intercalary segments and is required for the development of the antennal sense organ, the optic lobe and parts of the head skeleton. The early expression of the ems gene is controlled by the anterior morphogen bicoid (bcd). Using a gene fusion we identified a cis‐acting element which is a target for the bcd gene product. Later during embryogenesis ems is expressed in lateral regions of each segment, where the tracheal pits form and lateral neuroblasts originate, as well as in the posterior spiracles. This late expression partially correlates with defects seen in the tracheal tree of ems embryos. In addition to a homeodomain, the N‐terminal portion of the predicted protein sequence is very proline‐rich, whereas the C‐terminus has an acidic profile consistent with the role of the ems gene product as a transcription factor.