Brain angiotensin converting enzyme-2 in central cardiovascular regulation.
Brain angiotensin converting enzyme-2 in central cardiovascular regulation.
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DOI：
10.1042/cs20200483
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发表时间：
2020-10-16
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lazartigues E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mohammed M;Berdasco C;Lazartigues E
脑内的肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）在调节植物神经和神经内分泌功能，维持心血管内环境稳定方面起着重要作用。Ang-II是RAS的主要效应分子，通过激活AT 1受体发挥其大部分生理功能，包括血压（BP）调节。中枢神经系统中脑RAS的失调导致Ang-II合成增加，这导致交感神经外流和高血压。脑血管紧张素转换酶-2（ACE 2）是二十年前发现的RAS组分，具有反调节作用，并对抗Ang-II产生的不良心血管效应。使用合成化合物的研究可以维持ACE 2活性的升高或在特定脑区域中遗传过度表达ACE 2，发现对心血管功能的各种有益作用。最近，ACE 2已被证明在神经炎症，肠道生态失调以及压力和焦虑样行为的调节中发挥关键作用。本文综述了脑内ACE 2通过交感神经系统调节血压的解剖学定位和功能意义，并讨论了ACE 2介导的中枢心血管调节的最新进展和未来发展方向。
The brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in the regulation of autonomic and neuroendocrine functions, and maintains cardiovascular homeostasis. Ang-II is the major effector molecule of RAS and exerts most of its physiological functions, including blood pressure (BP) regulation, via activation of AT1 receptors. Dysregulation of brain RAS in the central nervous system results in increased Ang-II synthesis that causes leading to sympathetic outflow and hypertension. Brain angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) was discovered two decades ago as a RAS component, exhibiting a counter-regulatory role and opposing the adverse cardiovascular effects produced by Ang-II. Studies using synthetic compounds that can sustain the elevation of ACE2 activity or genetically overexpressed ACE2 in specific brain regions found various beneficial effects on cardiovascular function. More recently, ACE2 has been shown to play critical roles in neuro-inflammation, gut dysbiosis and the regulation of stress and anxiety-like behaviors. In the present review we aim to highlight the anatomical locations and functional implication of brain ACE2 related to its BP regulation via modulation of the sympathetic nervous system and discuss the recent developments and future directions in the ACE2-mediated central cardiovascular regulation.