Glial fibrillary acidic protein: from intermediate filament assembly and gliosis to neurobiomarker.
Glial fibrillary acidic protein: from intermediate filament assembly and gliosis to neurobiomarker.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tins.2015.04.003
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Wang KK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang Z;Wang KK
胶质细胞酸性蛋白（GFAP）是一种中间体胶质-III蛋白，其独特地存在于CNS中的星形胶质细胞、PNS中的非髓鞘化雪旺细胞和肠胶质细胞中。GFAP mRNA的表达受几种核受体激素、生长因子和脂多糖的调节。GFAP还经历许多翻译后修饰，而GFAP突变导致在亚历山大病中称为罗森塔尔纤维的蛋白质沉积。GFAP基因活化和蛋白诱导似乎在CNS损伤和神经变性后的星形胶质细胞活化（星形胶质细胞增生）中起关键作用。新出现的证据还表明，在创伤性脑和脊髓损伤和中风后，GFAP蛋白及其分解产物迅速释放到生物流体中，使其成为此类神经系统疾病的强有力的候选生物标志物。
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an intermediate filament-III protein uniquely found in astrocytes in the CNS, non-myelinating Schwann cells in the PNS and enteric glial cells. GFAP mRNA expressions are regulated by several nuclear-receptor hormones, growth factors and lipopolysaccharides. GFAP is also subjected to a number of post-translational modifications while GFAP mutations result in protein deposits known as Rosenthal fibers in Alexander disease. GFAP gene activation and protein induction appear to play a critical role in astroglia cell activation (astrogliosis) following CNS injuries and neurodegeneration. Emerging evidence also suggests that, following traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries and stroke, GFAP protein and its breakdown products are rapidly released into biofluids, making them strong candidate biomarkers for such neurological disorders.