Planning adaptation to climate change in fast-warming marine regions with seafood-dependent coastal communities
Planning adaptation to climate change in fast-warming marine regions with seafood-dependent coastal communities
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DOI：
10.1007/s11160-016-9419-0
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
A. Hobday;K. Cochrane;N. Downey-Breedt;J. Howard;S. Aswani;V. Byfield;Greg L. Duggan;Elethu Duna;L. Dutra;S. Frusher;E. Fulton;L. Gammage;M. Gasalla;C. Griffiths;Almeida Guissamulo;M. Haward;A. Jarre;S. Jennings;Tia Jordan;J. Joyner;Narayanaswamy Ramani;Swathi Lekshmi Perumal Shanmugasundaram;W. Malherbe;Kelly Ortega Cisneros;A. Paytan;G. Pecl;É. Plagányi;E. Popova;Haja Razafindrainibe;M. Roberts;Prathiba Rohit;Shyam Salim Sainulabdeen;W. Sauer;Sathianandan Thayyil Valappil;P. U. Zacharia;E. I. Putten
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文献类型：
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作者：
A. Hobday;K. Cochrane;N. Downey-Breedt;J. Howard;S. Aswani;V. Byfield;Greg L. Duggan;Elethu Duna;L. Dutra;S. Frusher;E. Fulton;L. Gammage;M. Gasalla;C. Griffiths;Almeida Guissamulo;M. Haward;A. Jarre;S. Jennings;Tia Jordan;J. Joyner;Narayanaswamy Ramani;Swathi Lekshmi Perumal Shanmugasundaram;W. Malherbe;Kelly Ortega Cisneros;A. Paytan;G. Pecl;É. Plagányi;E. Popova;Haja Razafindrainibe;M. Roberts;Prathiba Rohit;Shyam Salim Sainulabdeen;W. Sauer;Sathianandan Thayyil Valappil;P. U. Zacharia;E. I. Putten
许多沿海社区依靠海洋生物资源维持生计和粮食安全。 这些资源通常受到过度捕捞、污染、沿海开发和生境退化的压力。气候变化是一个额外的压力源，开始影响沿海系统和社区，但也可能为某些物种和它们所维持的人带来机会。我们描述了一个多国项目的研究方法，侧重于南半球，旨在通过表征，评估和预测沿海海洋食物资源的未来，并通过提供和共享知识跨快速变暖的海洋区域（即海洋“热点”）共同开发适应方案，以促进改善渔业社区的适应工作。这些热点是观察变化和随之而来的人类适应性反应以及制定适应办法和管理战略的天然实验室。侧重于适应备选办法和战略，以提高地方一级的沿海抗御能力，将有助于能力建设和地方赋权，从而最大限度地减少负面影响，并利用气候变化带来的机会。然而，在政治体制、社会经济共同体人口、资源依赖和研究能力各不相同的区域之间制定比较方法是一项挑战。在这里，我们描述了物理，生物，社会和治理工具，以允许热点比较，以及几种方法来评估和加强一个多国研究团队内的互动。重点区域内部和之间建立强有力的伙伴关系，对于提供科学和政治支持，以制定减少未来脆弱性的有效办法至关重要。比较这些热点地区将加强当地的适应反应，并产生适用于其他地区的结果。
Many coastal communities rely on living marine resources for livelihoods and food security. These resources are commonly under stress from overfishing, pollution, coastal development and habitat degradation. Climate change is an additional stressor beginning to impact coastal systems and communities, but may also lead to opportunities for some species and the people they sustain. We describe the research approach for a multi-country project, focused on the southern hemisphere, designed to contribute to improving fishing community adaptation efforts by characterizing, assessing and predicting the future of coastal-marine food resources, and co-developing adaptation options through the provision and sharing of knowledge across fast-warming marine regions (i.e. marine ‘hotspots’). These hotspots represent natural laboratories for observing change and concomitant human adaptive responses, and for developing adaptation options and management strategies. Focusing on adaptation options and strategies for enhancing coastal resilience at the local level will contribute to capacity building and local empowerment in order to minimise negative outcomes and take advantage of opportunities arising from climate change. However, developing comparative approaches across regions that differ in political institutions, socio-economic community demographics, resource dependency and research capacity is challenging. Here, we describe physical, biological, social and governance tools to allow hotspot comparisons, and several methods to evaluate and enhance interactions within a multi-nation research team. Strong partnerships within and between the focal regions are critical to scientific and political support for development of effective approaches to reduce future vulnerability. Comparing these hotspot regions will enhance local adaptation responses and generate outcomes applicable to other regions.