Do residential location effects on travel behavior differ between the elderly and younger adults?
Do residential location effects on travel behavior differ between the elderly and younger adults?
复制标题
居住地点对老年人和年轻人出行行为的影响是否不同？
DOI：
10.1016/j.trd.2019.07.015
复制
发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Witlox, Frank
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheng, Long;De Vos, Jonas;Witlox, Frank
建筑环境从多个维度影响个人的出行行为，如出行生成、出行方式选择、出行持续时间等。然而，这些影响在不同的社会经济群体(例如老年人和年轻人)之间是如何不同的，以及居民自我选择如何促成这些差异，还没有被很好地理解。利用2013年南京(中国)出行调查数据，本研究估计了不同年龄段居民对居住地点变化的不同反应程度。采用两步聚类法对两类居民点进行分类，并利用倾向得分匹配法解决自选效应。我们发现，在控制自我选择后，老年人(60岁以上)和年轻人(18-59岁)的居住地点对出行行为的影响存在显著差异。与年轻人相比，居住环境的变化在影响老年人出行频率和出行时长方面发挥着更重要的作用。当我们比较观察到的居住地点的影响时，自我选择对老年人的影响不大，而对年轻人影响很大。此外，由于居住地点自我选择的差异，人们低估了居住地点对老年人出行行为的影响，而高估了年轻人的出行行为。这些发现表明，忽视不同年龄段之间建成环境影响的差异可能会导致无效的住房和交通政策含义。
The built environment affects individuals' travel behavior in a variety of dimensions, such as trip generation, mode choice, and travel duration. However, it is not well understood how these effects differ across different socioeconomic groups (e.g. the elderly versus younger adults) and how residential self-selection contributes to these differences. Using the 2013 Nanjing (China) Travel Survey data, this study estimates the differential responsiveness to the variation in residential location for different age groups. The two-step clustering method is applied to characterize two types of residential locations and the propensity score matching approach is utilized to address self-selection effects. We find that, after control for self-selection, residential location effects on travel behavior differ significantly between the elderly (60 + years old) and younger respondents (18-59 years old). Changes in the living environment play a more important role in influencing the elderly's travel frequency and travel duration than those of younger adults. When we compare the observed effects of residential location, self-selection effects are modest for the elderly while they matter to a great extent for younger adults. In addition, due to differences in residential self-selection, there is an underestimation of residential location effects on the elderly's travel behavior versus an overestimation of those for younger adults. These findings indicate that overlooking the variation of built environment effects between different age groups may lead to ineffective housing and transportation policy implications.