Electrothermal energy storage with transcritical CO2 cycles
Electrothermal energy storage with transcritical CO2 cycles
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DOI：
10.1016/j.energy.2012.03.013
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发表时间：
2012-09
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
Mehmet Mercangöz;J. Hemrle;L. Kaufmann;A. Z'graggen;C. Ohler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mehmet Mercangöz;J. Hemrle;L. Kaufmann;A. Z'graggen;C. Ohler
提出了一种新型的大容量蓄电装置-储能器（ETES）.该概念基于热泵和热机技术，利用跨临界CO2循环，将泵送的热量储存在热水中，并在循环的冷端制冰和融冰。本文首先描述了对大规模电能存储的日益增长的需求，以及存储在可再生间歇性发电（如风能）集成到电网中的作用。介绍了ETES的研究背景和发展概况，阐述了ETES的主要原理：（1）利用蒸汽压缩实现可逆热泵;（2）热能储存;（3）通过热机将热能转换为电能。介绍了ETES的基本概念，并对跨临界CO2系统的热力学循环和相应的操作条件进行了描述。接下来，给出了设想的跨临界ETES工厂的概述，并提供了关于主要设备的信息，包括压缩机和涡轮机、高压板式热交换器和冰存储等设备。建议的跨临界ETES系统的关键属性，然后审查的重点是能量存储效率，可扩展性，站点独立性，和最小的环境影响。还给出了有关操作特性的信息，例如所提出的系统的启动和待机时间以及存储持续时间。本文的结论是通过讨论未来的前景，主要是通过关注潜在的技术改进的CO2机和存储材料的系统的热端和冷端。
A novel type of bulk electricity storage – electrothermal energy storage (ETES) – is presented. The concept is based on heat pump and heat engine technologies utilizing transcritical CO2cycles, storage of pumped heat in hot water, and ice generation and melting at the cold end of the cycles. The paper first describes the growing need for large scale electrical energy storage and the role of storage in the integration of renewable intermittent generation such as wind energy into the electricity network. The background and a short review on ETES is given and the main principles of (i) reversible1heat pumping using vapor compression, (ii) thermal energy storage, and finally (iii) back conversion of thermal energy into electricity via a thermal engine are explained. Following the introduction of ETES as a general concept, the transcritical CO2based system is presented by providing a description of the thermodynamic cycles and the corresponding operating conditions. Next the overview of an envisioned transcritical ETES plant is given with information on the main equipment including the turbomachines such as compressor and turbine, high pressure plate heat exchangers, and ice storage. Key properties of the proposed transcritical ETES system are then reviewed with an emphasis on energy storage efficiency, scalability, site-independence, and minimal environmental impact. Information about the operating characteristics such as start-up and standby times and storage duration of the proposed system is also given. The paper is concluded by discussing the future perspectives for the proposed system mainly by focusing on potential technology improvements for the CO2machines and the storage materials for both hot and cold ends of the system.