Rasch Model and Its Extensions for Analysis of Aphasic Deficits in Syntactic Comprehension
Rasch Model and Its Extensions for Analysis of Aphasic Deficits in Syntactic Comprehension
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句法理解失语症分析的 Rasch 模型及其扩展
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
Jun S. Liu
中科院分区：
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作者：
R. Gutman;G. Dede;D. Caplan;Jun S. Liu
失语症是由于负责这些功能的大脑区域受损而丧失产生和/或理解语言的能力。失语症患者在理解测试中的表现传统上与患者的个人能力和测试问题的难度有关。分析这些测试结果的自然选择是Rasch模型。它假设患者正确回答问题的概率是个体患者的能力与测试问题的难度之间的差异的逆对数函数。这项研究首先模拟了失语症患者处理不同句子类型的方式，以及他们使用Rasch模型完成任务的能力。然而，几个科学上重要的功能的数据，如两个不同的理解任务之间的正确反应的相关性，以及控制句子中的反应模式和实验句子中的反应模式之间的关联，被认为是不充分的捕捉到这样的模型。或者，我们使用了一个完整的贝叶斯方法，探索广义线性混合模型的混合物，将患者聚集成类似的反应模式和能力。混合物模型被认为是更好地描述实验结果比任何其他模型检查。混合模型还表达了这样的假设，即失语症患者可以分为不同的能力和反应轮廓组，并且患者在不同的理解任务中利用不同的认知资源。这些结果在科学上是重要的，不可能通过使用简单的Rasch模型来发现。这篇文章在网上有补充材料。
Aphasia is the loss of the ability to produce and/or comprehend language, due to injury to brain areas responsible for these functions. Aphasic patients’ performance on comprehension tests has traditionally been related both to the patient’s individual ability and to the difficulty of the test questions. The natural choice for analysis of these test results is the Rasch model. It assumes that the probability of a patient responding correctly to a question is the inverse-logit function of the difference between the individual patient’s ability and the difficulty of the test question. This study first modeled the way aphasic patients process different sentence types, as well as their ability to accomplish tasks using Rasch models. However, several scientifically important features of the data, such as the correlation of correct responses between two different comprehension tasks, and the association between response patterns in control sentences and response patterns in experimental sentences, were found to be inadequately captured by such models. Alternatively, we used a full Bayesian approach, exploring a mixture of generalized linear mixed models that clustered patients into similar response patterns and abilities. The mixture model was found to better describe the experimental results than any other model examined. The mixture model also expresses the hypothesis that aphasic patients can be classified into different ability and response profile groups, and that patients utilize different cognitive resources in different comprehension tasks. These results are scientifically important and could not have been discovered by using the simple Rasch model. This article has supplementary material online.