Anxiety, fears, and phobias in persons with Williams syndrome
Anxiety, fears, and phobias in persons with Williams syndrome
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DOI：
10.1207/s15326942dn231
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Dykens, EM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dykens, EM
虽然许多研究都集中在与威廉姆斯综合征相关的认知语言特征上，但研究还没有对初步观察结果进行后续研究，这些初步观察结果表明患有这种疾病的人会增加焦虑和恐惧。为此，研究I比较了120名威廉姆斯综合征患者和70名适当匹配的混合病因的精神发育迟滞患者的恐惧。研究2评估了36例威廉姆斯综合征和24例对照组亲子二人组中父母与孩子报告的恐惧差异。在研究3中，通过与51名威廉姆斯综合征患者的父母进行标准化精神病学访谈，评估了恐惧症和其他焦虑症的发生率。相对于他们的同龄人，威廉姆斯综合征患者有更多的恐惧，以及更广泛的经常发生的恐惧，正如父母或参与者自己所报告的那样。两组儿童都比父母报告了更多的恐惧。在威廉姆斯综合征的样本中，51%至60%的人存在广泛性焦虑和预期性焦虑，而特定恐惧症更为普遍，96%的人表现出持续和明显的恐惧，84%的人避免恐惧或忍受痛苦。恐惧症的认知行为治疗的可行性进行了讨论，为未来的研究的影响。
Although much research has focused on the cognitive-linguistic profile associated with Williams syndrome, studies have yet to follow up on preliminary observations suggesting increased anxiety and fears in persons with this disorder. To this aim, Study I compared fears in 120 participants with Williams syndrome to 70 appropriately matched persons with mental retardation of mixed etiologies. Study 2 assessed differences in parent versus child reports of fears in 36 Williams syndrome and 24 comparison group parent-child dyads. in Study 3, rates of phobia and other anxiety disorders were assessed in standardized psychiatric interviews with the parents of 51 individuals with Williams syndrome. Relative to their counterparts, persons with Williams syndrome had significantly more fears as well as a wider range of frequently occurring fears, as reported by either parents or participants themselves. Children in both groups reported more fears than their parents. Whereas generalized and anticipatory anxiety were found in 51% to 60% of the sample with Williams syndrome, specific phobia was more prevalent, with 96% showing persistent and marked fears and 84% avoiding their fears or enduring them with distress. The feasibility of cognitive-behavioral treatments for phobia is discussed as are implications for future research.