Is Uber a substitute or complement for public transit?
Is Uber a substitute or complement for public transit?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jue.2018.09.003
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Price, Joseph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hall, Jonathan D.;Palsson, Craig;Price, Joseph
Uber如何影响公共交通乘客量是全球城市面临的一个相关政策问题。从理论上讲，优步对公交的影响是模糊的：虽然优步是一种替代出行方式，但它也可以增加公共交通固定路线、固定时间服务的覆盖范围和灵活性。我们使用差异中的差异设计来估计优步对公共交通乘客量的影响，该设计利用了美国大都市地区优步渗透强度和优步进入时间的变化。我们发现，Uber是对普通交通机构的补充，两年后乘客量增加了5%。这种平均效应掩盖了相当大的异质性，Uber在大城市和较小的交通机构中增加了更多的乘客量。
How Uber affects public transit ridership is a relevant policy question facing cities worldwide. Theoretically, Uber's effect on transit is ambiguous: while Uber is an alternative mode of travel, it can also increase the reach and flexibility of public transit's fixed-route, fixed-schedule service. We estimate the effect of Uber on public transit ridership using a difference-in-differences design that exploits variation across U.S. metropolitan areas in both the intensity of Uber penetration and the timing of Uber entry. We find that Uber is a complement for the average transit agency, increasing ridership by five percent after two years. This average effect masks considerable heterogeneity, with Uber increasing ridership more in larger cities and for smaller transit agencies.