Distinguishing between HII regions and planetary nebulae with Hi-GAL, WISE, MIPSGAL, and GLIMPSE

Distinguishing between HII regions and planetary nebulae with Hi-GAL, WISE, MIPSGAL, and GLIMPSE
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使用 Hi-GAL、WISE、MIPSGAL 和 GLIMPSE 区分 HII 区域和行星状星云

DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/201117640
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
6.5
通讯作者:
Anderson L
Anderson L
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Anderson L

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ContextH II区域和行星状星云(PNe)都发射无线电和红外(IR)波长的光,小角度的H II区域可能被误认为是行星状星云。这个分类问题对于处于早期进化阶段的H II区域来说是最严重的,那些非常遥远的区域,或者那些既年轻又遥远的区域。利用HerschelHi-GAL巡天以及WISE和SpitzerMIPSGAL和GLIMPSE巡天的数据,我们希望建立特征的红外颜色,可以用来区分H II区和PNe。方法我们进行孔径光度测量的126个H II区和43 PNe的波长从结果H Ⅱ区和PNe区具有明显的红外颜色。最鲁棒的辨别颜色标准是[F12/F8] < 0.3、[F160/F12] > 1.3和[F160/F24] > 0.8(或者[F160/F22] > 0.8),其中括号表示通量比的对数。所有这三个标准分别满足我们的H II区样本的98%以上和我们的PNE样本的~10%。这些颜色的组合在分离两个群体时更稳健;例如,所有H II区域和没有PNe满足[F12/F8] < 0.4和[F160/F22] > 0.8。当应用于未知分类的对象时,这些标准证明在分离两个群体中是有用的。H II区的颜色分散相对较小;这表明H II区的这些颜色随时间的任何演变必须相对适度。H Ⅱ区的光谱能量分布(SED)可以分为“暖”和“冷”分量。“冷”分量与温度为25 K的灰体拟合良好。在我们的H Ⅱ区样品中,近三分之二的峰位于160μm,三分之一的峰位于70μm。对于PNe,67%的SED峰值在70μm处,23%的峰值在22μm或24μm处,9%(两个来源)的峰值在160μm处。
ContextH II regions and planetary nebulae (PNe) both emit at radio and infrared (IR) wavelengths, and angularly small H II regions can be mistaken for PNe. This problem of classification is most severe for H II regions in an early evolutionary stage, those that are extremely distant, or those that are both young and distant. Previous work has shown that H II regions and PNe can be separated based on their infrared colors.AimsUsing data from theHerschelHi-GAL survey, as well as WISE and theSpitzerMIPSGAL and GLIMPSE surveys, we wish to establish characteristic IR colors that can be used to distinguish between H II regions and PNe.MethodsWe perform aperture photometry measurements for a sample of 126 H II regions and 43 PNe at wavelengths from 8.0μm to 500μm.ResultsWe find that H II regions and PNe have distinct IR colors. The most robust discriminating color criteria are  [F12/F8]  < 0.3,  [F160/F12]  > 1.3, and  [F160/F24]  > 0.8 (or alternately  [F160/F22]  > 0.8), where the brackets indicate the log of the flux ratio. All three of these criteria are individually satisfied by over 98% of our sample of H II regions and by  ~10% of our sample of PNe. Combinations of these colors are more robust in separating the two populations; for example all H II regions and no PNe satisfy  [F12/F8]  < 0.4 and  [F160/F22]  > 0.8. When applied to objects of unknown classification, these criteria prove useful in separating the two populations. The dispersion in color is relatively small for H II regions; this suggests that any evolution in these colors with time for H II regions must be relatively modest. The spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of H II regions can be separated into “warm” and “cold” components. The “cold” component is well-fit by a grey-body of temperature 25 K. The SEDs of nearly two-thirds of our sample of H II regions peak at 160μm and one third peak at 70μm. For PNe, 67% of the SEDs peak at 70μm, 23% peak at either 22μm or 24μm, and 9% (two sources) peak at 160μm.
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发表时间: 2003
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影响因子: --
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发表时间: 2010
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发表时间: 2009
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发表时间: 2005
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