An empirical analysis of the effectiveness of occupational health and safety management systems in SMEs
An empirical analysis of the effectiveness of occupational health and safety management systems in SMEs
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DOI：
10.1177/0266242610363521
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Nunez, Imanol
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arocena, Pablo;Nunez, Imanol
本文分析了中小企业职业健康安全管理的有效性。特别是，我们（1）提供了一个样本的中小企业实施职业风险预防活动的概述;（2）描述职业健康安全管理体系的替代方法;（3）评估职业健康安全体系的有效性，在职业安全的结果;和（4）分析影响采用这种职业健康安全体系的因素。这项研究是基于通过对193个西班牙制造业中小企业的职业健康安全管理调查获得的主要数据。该分析揭示了小型企业（SSEs）-员工50人以下-和中型企业（MSEs）-员工50-250人之间的OHS活动之间的差异。我们发现的证据表明，努力和类型的职业健康安全管理体系并不显着影响伤害率。更具体地说，以面向人员和组织的程序补充传统技术预防活动的公司在减少职业事故方面最为有效。这种先进的职业健康安全系统在小规模企业中的发展程度要低得多。我们的研究结果还表明，OHS系统的选择是由工业关系的质量，工会化率，基于价格的竞争强度，获得公共援助和培训活动提供的OHS公共机构，技术强度，和工人的任务的手工性质。
This article analyses the effectiveness of occupational health and safety (OHS) management in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In particular, we (1) provide an overview of the implementation of occupational risk preventive activities in a sample of SMEs; (2) characterize alternative approaches of OHS management systems; (3) assess the effectiveness of the identified OHS systems in occupational safety outcomes; and (4) analyse the factors affecting the adoption of such OHS systems. The study is based on primary data obtained by means of a survey on OHS management in 193 Spanish manufacturing SMEs. The analysis disentangles differences between the OHS activity of small-sized enterprises (SSEs) - those under 50 employees - and medium-sized enterprises (MSEs) - 50-250 employees. We find evidence that the effort and type of OHS management system does significantly affect the injury rate. More specifically, firms that complement traditional technical preventive activities with people and organization-oriented procedures are the most effective in reducing occupational accidents. Such advanced OHS systems are significantly less developed in SSEs. Our results also reveal that the choice of OHS system is determined by the quality of industrial relations, rate of unionization, intensity of price-based competition, access to public aid and training activities provided by the OHS public agencies, technology intensity, and the manual nature of workers' tasks.