First report of the novel atypical porcine pestivirus in Spain and a retrospective study
First report of the novel atypical porcine pestivirus in Spain and a retrospective study
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DOI：
10.1111/tbed.12699
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Ganges, L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Munoz-Gonzalez, S.;Canturri, A.;Ganges, L.
本研究旨在提供与最近报告的非典型猪瘟病毒（APPV）毒株相关的病毒发病机制和分子流行病学信息，并确定1997年至2016年APPV在西班牙的传播情况。出于诊断目的，接收了来自西班牙农场的患有中重度先天性震颤（CT）的2日龄仔猪。采集血清、鼻拭子和直肠拭子以及组织样本。在这些样本中进行qRT-PCR，并使用1997年至2016年的血清采集进行了一项回顾性研究，以检测APPV RNA。在CT感染猪的不同组织中鉴定出高和中等RNA载量的APPV基因组。在淋巴器官中检测到高APPV RNA负荷，表明这些构成了APPV复制的靶。在642份回顾性分析的样本中，有89份（13.9%）检测到APPV基因组。CT病例与1周龄以下病毒血症仔猪中APPV的存在有关，其中病毒RNA载量最高。相当数量的4至14周龄的动物和一些1周龄的仔猪在没有CT的情况下出现病毒血症，这些动物可以作为病毒的携带者。APPV和CT的相对危险度为8.5（95% CI 5.8-12.5）。因此，我们的数据表明，APPV感染与CT流行病学相关。从1615个NS 2 -3核苷酸的系统发育分析表明，只有一个明确的APPV分支，分组最多的欧洲和中国的遗传相关株。在这个分支中，还有来自欧洲、美国和中国的其他菌株。该数据证实了APPV的高遗传多样性，不能根据地理区域将该病毒聚类。我们的研究结果表明，APPV至少自1997年以来一直在西班牙流行，这是世界范围内发现这种病毒的最早日期，并表明APPV可能广泛传播。
This study aimed to provide information regarding viral pathogenesis and molecular epidemiology linked with recently reported atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) strains and to determine the circulation of APPV in Spain from 1997 to 2016. Two-day-old piglets with moderate-severe congenital tremor (CT) from a Spanish farm were received for diagnostic purposes. Sera, nasal and rectal swabs and tissue samples were collected. qRT-PCR was performed in these samples, and a retrospective study to detect APPV RNA was carried out using a serum collection from 1997 to 2016. APPV genome was identified with high and moderate RNA loads in different tissues of the CT affected pigs. High APPV RNA load was detected in lymphoid organs, suggesting that these constitute a target for APPV replication. In 89 of the 642 retrospectively analysed samples (13.9%), APPV genome was detected. CT cases were related to the presence of APPV in viraemic piglets below 1week of age, in which the viral RNA load was the highest. A considerable number of animals between 4 and 14weeks of age and some 1-week-old piglets were viraemic in the absence of CT, which can act as carriers of the virus. The relative risk of APPV and CT was 8.5 (CI 95% 5.8-12.5). Thus, our data show that APPV infection is epidemiologically related to CT. Phylogenetic analysis from 1615 NS2-3 nucleotides showed only one defined APPV clade, grouping the most phylogenetically related strains from Europe and China. Of this clade, there are other strains from Europe, USA and China. This data confirm the high APPV genetic diversity, not being able to cluster this virus according to the geographic area. Our result showed that APPV has been circulating in Spain at least since 1997, being the earliest date of detection of this virus worldwide and suggesting that APPV may be widespread.