Can biochar increase the bioavailability of phosphorus
Can biochar increase the bioavailability of phosphorus
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DOI：
10.4067/s0718-95162016005000022
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Qinhua Shen;M. Hedley;M. C. Arbestain;M. Kirschbaum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Qinhua Shen;M. Hedley;M. C. Arbestain;M. Kirschbaum
施入土中的大部分磷肥与活性铝（Al）和铁（Fe）发生反应，不能被植物吸收。我们调查了生物炭是否可以提高植物的生长（一）动员土壤P通过改变土壤pH值或促进丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）的生长，和/或（二）引入额外的P.我们生长的莲花pedunculatus品种barsille在两个安多土壤的对比P状态修改与三个生物炭（具有不同的孔隙度，营养和石灰性能）在剂量为10吨公顷-1 32周。通过尼龙网和火山灰层将培养基分为根区和菌丝区，使菌丝区中的P仅通过AMF菌丝转移。在缺磷土壤的根区添加相对营养丰富的生物炭（例如由杨柳木屑制成），具有石灰特性，可使植物生长增加59%，磷吸收增加73%。松基生物炭没有提供额外的养分收购和植物生长的刺激时，添加到缺磷土壤的根区。然而，当这些植物的菌丝能够进入富含P的土壤斑块时，土壤斑块中松树生物炭的存在大大增强了P的吸收和植物生长（例如，76%和40%时，使用生物炭在450摄氏度相比，没有它）。没有测试的生物炭赋予的优势，在根区的高磷土壤。我们的结论是，除了生物炭的养分吸收和植物生长的好处是生物炭和土壤特异性。因此，生物炭需要通过在应用前优化原料和热解条件来针对某些土壤量身定制。
A large proportion of phosphate (P) fertilizer applied to Andosols reacts with reactive aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) to become unavailable for plant uptake. We investigated whether biochar could enhance plant growth by (i) mobilizing soil P through changing soil pH or facilitating the growth of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and/or (ii) introducing additional P. We grew Lotus pedunculatus cv barsille in two Andosols of contrasting P status amended with three biochars (with distinct porosity, nutrient and liming properties) at a dose of 10 t ha-1 for 32 weeks. The growth medium was divided into a root and a hyphal zone through a nylon mesh and a tephra layer that allowed the P in the hyphal zone to be transferred only by AMF hyphae. The addition of a relative nutrient-rich biochar (e.g. made from willow woodchips) with liming properties to the root zone of the P-deficient soil increased plant growth by 59% and P uptake by 73%. Pine-based biochar provided no extra nutrient acquisition and no plant-growth stimulation when added to the root zone of the P-deficient soil. However,when hyphae of those plants had access to a P-rich soil patch, the presence of pine biochar in the soil patch greatly enhanced P uptake and plant growth (e.g., by 76% and 40% when using biochar produced at 450oC compared to the absence of it). None of the tested biochars conferred advantages in the root zone of a high-P soil. We concluded that the benefits from biochar addition to nutrient uptake and plant growth are biochar- and soil-specific. Thus, biochars need to be tailored-made for certain soils by optimizing feedstock and pyrolysis conditions before application.