The modifying effect of the building envelope on population exposure to PM2.5 from outdoor sources
The modifying effect of the building envelope on population exposure to PM2.5 from outdoor sources
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DOI：
10.1111/ina.12116
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发表时间：
2014-05
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
J. Taylor;C. Shrubsole;M. Davies;P. Biddulph;P. Das;I. Hamilton;S. Vardoulakis;A. Mavrogianni;B. Jones;E. Oikonomou
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Taylor;C. Shrubsole;M. Davies;P. Biddulph;P. Das;I. Hamilton;S. Vardoulakis;A. Mavrogianni;B. Jones;E. Oikonomou
许多研究通过检查模拟或测量的室外PM2.5水平来估计人口暴露于PM2.5。然而，很少有人考虑到建筑物特性对PM2.5从室外来源进入的介导作用及其对室内家庭环境中人口暴露的影响。本研究介绍了如何建筑模拟可以用来确定室内浓度的室外来源的污染不同的住房类型，以及如何使用建筑存量模型和地理信息系统软件来映射的结果，以证明修改的影响住宅对居住者暴露于整个伦敦的PM2.5。使用EnergyPlus对广泛代表大伦敦管理局的建筑原型进行了污染渗透模拟。此外，使用温度依赖的开窗情景，研究了居住者行为对室内PM2.5水平的影响。结果表明，一系列的I/O比的PM2.5，独立和半独立的住宅最容易受到高水平的渗透。当结果被映射时，与外部伦敦相比，伦敦中心显示出较低的PM2.5 I/O比率，这很可能是由于公寓的流行而不是独立或半独立的属性造成的明显的暴露倒置。
A number of studies have estimated population exposure to PM2.5 by examining modeled or measured outdoor PM2.5 levels. However, few have taken into account the mediating effects of building characteristics on the ingress of PM2.5 from outdoor sources and its impact on population exposure in the indoor domestic environment. This study describes how building simulation can be used to determine the indoor concentration of outdoor-sourced pollution for different housing typologies and how the results can be mapped using building stock models and Geographical Information Systems software to demonstrate the modifying effect of dwellings on occupant exposure to PM2.5 across London. Building archetypes broadly representative of those in the Greater London Authority were simulated for pollution infiltration using EnergyPlus. In addition, the influence of occupant behavior on indoor levels of PM2.5 from outdoor sources was examined using a temperature-dependent window-opening scenario. Results demonstrate a range of I/O ratios of PM2.5, with detached and semi-detached dwellings most vulnerable to high levels of infiltration. When the results are mapped, central London shows lower I/O ratios of PM2.5 compared with outer London, an apparent inversion of exposure most likely caused by the prevalence of flats rather than detached or semi-detached properties.