FLEXIBILITY AND MEMORY - ARE THE ELDERLY REALLY LESS FLEXIBLE
FLEXIBILITY AND MEMORY - ARE THE ELDERLY REALLY LESS FLEXIBLE
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/03610738108259797
复制
发表时间：
1981-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
TABOR, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CECI, SJ;TABOR, L
所有被试都被给予两种类型的语义编码任务;一种编码任务将注意力引向一个项目的主题角色（例如，在来自“北极“主题的其他项目的上下文中呈现冰屋），并且另一编码任务将注意力引导到相同项目在某些分类中的作用（例如，冰屋与来自住宅分类的其他项目一起呈现）。受试者进行测试，自由回忆的项目，然后线索回忆，线索的主题和分类标签。青年人和中年人比老年人更灵活地提取项目。他们经常在检索过程中切换模式，从一个主题中调用一些成员，并使用终端项作为“枢纽”，从它也属于的分类中调用一些项目。在每个年龄段，灵活性与回忆相关;然而，年龄增长与检索的灵活性降低相关。
All subjects were given two types of semantic encoding tasks; one encoding task directed attention to an item'sthematicrole (e.g.,igloowas presented in the context of other items from the“North Pole”theme) and the other encoding task directed attention to the same item's role in sometaxonomy(e.g.,igloowas presented with other items from thedwellingtaxonomy). Subjects were tested for free recall of the items followed by cued recall, the cues being theme and taxonomy labels. Young adults and middle-aged adults were more flexible retrieving items than older adults. They often switched modes during retrieval, recalling a few members from a theme and using the terminal item as a “pivot” to recall a few items from the taxonomy to which it also belonged. Flexibility was correlated with recall at each age; however, aging was associated with a less flexible style of retrieval.