Human dendritic cell subsets: an update.

Human dendritic cell subsets: an update.
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DOI:
10.1111/imm.12888
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发表时间:
2018-05
期刊:
影响因子:
6.4
通讯作者:
Bigley V
Bigley V
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Collin M;Bigley V

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树突状细胞(DC)是一类来源于淋巴髓系造血的骨髓源性细胞,在病原体的先天感知和适应性免疫的激活之间形成了一个重要的界面。这项任务需要广泛的机制和反应,分为三个主要的DC亚群:浆细胞样DC(pDC),髓样/常规DC 1(cDC 1)和髓样/常规DC 2(cDC 2)。每个DC亚群在转录因子的特定库的控制下发育,所述转录因子涉及与PU.1、ID 2、E2 - 2、ZEB 2、KLF 4、IKZF 1和BATF 3协作的差异水平的IRF 8和IRF 4。DC造血在哺乳动物物种之间是保守的,并且不同于单核细胞发育。虽然单核细胞可以分化成DC,特别是在炎症过程中,但大多数静止组织含有大量的DC谱系细胞。广泛的表面标志物有助于识别特定的DC亚群,尽管在某些情况下仍然难以将cDC 2与单核细胞来源的DC分离。最近的研究基于表型和基因表达分辨率的提高,已经确定了人血液中的前DC和cDC 2之间的异质性。这些进展促进了小鼠和人类免疫学的整合,支持在体内解开人类DC功能的努力,并继续为医学提供新的转化机会。
Dendritic cells (DC) are a class of bone‐marrow‐derived cells arising from lympho‐myeloid haematopoiesis that form an essential interface between the innate sensing of pathogens and the activation of adaptive immunity. This task requires a wide range of mechanisms and responses, which are divided between three major DC subsets: plasmacytoid DC (pDC), myeloid/conventional DC1 (cDC1) and myeloid/conventional DC2 (cDC2). Each DC subset develops under the control of a specific repertoire of transcription factors involving differential levels of IRF8 and IRF4 in collaboration with PU.1, ID2, E2‐2, ZEB2, KLF4, IKZF1 and BATF3. DC haematopoiesis is conserved between mammalian species and is distinct from monocyte development. Although monocytes can differentiate into DC, especially during inflammation, most quiescent tissues contain significant resident populations of DC lineage cells. An extended range of surface markers facilitates the identification of specific DC subsets although it remains difficult to dissociate cDC2 from monocyte‐derived DC in some settings. Recent studies based on an increasing level of resolution of phenotype and gene expression have identified pre‐DC in human blood and heterogeneity among cDC2. These advances facilitate the integration of mouse and human immunology, support efforts to unravel human DC function in vivo and continue to present new translational opportunities to medicine.
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