The Brain and Early Experience Study: Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study.
The Brain and Early Experience Study: Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study.
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DOI：
10.2196/34854
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发表时间：
2022-06-29
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
在贫困（或接近贫困）条件下长大的儿童面临着心理健康、教育和职业发展不理想的风险，其中许多可能是由在幼儿期首次出现的执行功能（EF）技能的个体差异所引发的。
“大脑与早期经历”研究考虑了可能调节贫困与EF技能之间关联的产前和产后经历，包括神经基质。本文描述了研究的基本原理和目的；研究设计问题，包括样本量的确定、招募策略和参与者特征；以及用于检验研究假设的发展评估要点、程序和措施的总结。
这是一项前瞻性纵向研究，旨在探究贫困影响幼儿期EF技能规范变化的多种途径。它由美国国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所资助，并得到机构审查委员会的批准。
招募工作已经完成，共有203名参与者，数据收集预计从2018年9月持续到2024年2月。在那些被招募为社会经济地位较低（SES）的人中，71%（55/78）报告的收入与需求（ITN）比率<2.0，35%（27/78）报告的ITN比率<1.0。在被招募到非低SES阶层的参与者中，只有8.8%（11/125）报告的ITN比率<2.0，没有参与者报告的ITN比率<1.0。被招募到低收入阶层的参与者的平均ITN比率显著低于高收入招募组的平均值（P<0.001）。在黑人和非黑人家庭中都观察到了类似的招募结果。总体而言，该样本具有足够的多样性来检验所提出的假设，13.3%（27/203）的参与者报告的ITN比率<1，>32.5%（66/203）报告的比率<2.0。
初步结果表明，最大化家庭SES差异的招募策略是成功的，包括种族内部的差异。这项研究的结果将有助于阐明影响幼儿关键神经认知发展结果的产前和产后风险因素之间的复杂相互作用。
DERR1 - 10.2196/34854
Children raised in conditions of poverty (or near poverty) are at risk for nonoptimal mental health, educational, and occupational outcomes, many of which may be precipitated by individual differences in executive function (EF) skills that first emerge in early childhood. The Brain and Early Experience study considers prenatal and postnatal experiences that may mediate the association between poverty and EF skills, including neural substrates. This paper described the study rationale and aims; research design issues, including sample size determination, the recruitment strategy, and participant characteristics; and a summary of developmental assessment points, procedures, and measures used to test the study hypotheses. This is a prospective longitudinal study examining multiple pathways by which poverty influences normative variations in EF skills in early childhood. It is funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and approved by the institutional review board. Recruitment is complete with a sample of 203 participants, and data collection is expected to continue from September 2018 to February 2024. Of those recruited as low socioeconomic status (SES), 71% (55/78) reported income-to-needs (ITN) ratios of <2.0, and 35% (27/78) reported ITN ratios of <1.0. Among participants recruited into the not-low SES stratum, only 8.8% (11/125) reported ITN ratios of <2.0, and no participant reported ITN ratios of <1.0. The average ITN ratio for participants recruited into the low-income stratum was significantly lower than the average for the high-income recruitment cell (P<.001). Comparable recruitment outcomes were observed for both Black and non-Black families. Overall, the sample has adequate diversity for testing proposed hypotheses, with 13.3% (27/203) of participants reporting ITN ratios of <1 and >32.5% (66/203) reporting ratios of <2.0. Preliminary results indicate that the recruitment strategy for maximizing variation in family SES was successful, including variation within race. The findings of this study will help elucidate the complex interplay between prenatal and postnatal risk factors affecting critical neurocognitive developmental outcomes in early childhood. DERR1-10.2196/34854
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Camerota, Marie;Gueron-Sela, Noa;Grimes, Melissa;Propper, Cathi B.
通讯作者：
Propper, Cathi B.