Bonobos and chimpanzees preferentially attend to familiar members of the dominant sex
Bonobos and chimpanzees preferentially attend to familiar members of the dominant sex
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.04.027
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发表时间：
2021-06-05
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Krupenye, Christopher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lewis, Laura S.;Kano, Fumihiro;Krupenye, Christopher
社会性动物必须仔细地跟踪社会学习的重要事件和机会。然而，社会世界的竞争需求产生了社会注意力的权衡，定义为对同类的直接视觉注意力。一个关键的问题是，社会生态学如何在社会关注中塑造这些偏见，而不是进化和发展。黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）和倭黑猩猩（Bonobos）（Pan paniscus）为解决这一问题提供了理想的模型，因为它们拥有庞大的社区，具有裂变-融合分组、不同的基于性别的统治等级和偶尔的群间相遇。使用非侵入性的眼动追踪方法，我们记录了圈养猿类对熟悉和不熟悉的同性同类并排图像的注意力。我们测试了四个相互竞争的假设分类广泛的社会生态压力对社会关注的影响，包括组间冲突，优势，分散和交配竞争。当观察通常占据群体最高等级的性别时，两个物种都优先关注熟悉的同种，而不是不熟悉的同种：倭黑猩猩是雌性，黑猩猩是雄性。然而，他们并没有表现出注意力的偏见之间的熟悉和不熟悉的成员的下属性别。研究结果是一致的物种，尽管差异，其中性别往往更占主导地位。这些结果表明，基于性别的优势模式引导整个泛社会的注意力。我们的研究结果揭示了社会生态压力如何塑造猿类的社会注意力，并可能有助于灵长类动物社会认知的进化。(c)2021动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Social animals must carefully track consequential events and opportunities for social learning. However, the competing demands of the social world produce trade-offs in social attention, defined as directed visual attention towards conspecifics. A key question is how socioecology shapes these biases in social attention over evolution and development. Chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes, and bonobos, Pan paniscus, provide ideal models for addressing this question because they have large communities with fission -fusion grouping, divergent sex-based dominance hierarchies and occasional intergroup encounters. Using noninvasive eye-tracking measures, we recorded captive apes' attention to side-by-side images of familiar and unfamiliar conspecifics of the same sex. We tested four competing hypotheses about the influence of taxonomically widespread socioecological pressures on social attention, including intergroup conflict, dominance, dispersal and mating competition. Both species preferentially attended to familiar over unfamiliar conspecifics when viewing the sex that typically occupies the highest ranks in the group: females for bonobos, and males for chimpanzees. However, they did not demonstrate attentional biases between familiar and unfamiliar members of the subordinate sex. Findings were consistent across species despite differences in which sex tends to be more dominant. These results suggest that sex-based dominance patterns guide social attention across Pan. Our findings reveal how socioecological pressures shape social attention in apes and likely contribute to the evolution of social cognition across primates. (c) 2021 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.