The nanostructured secretome
The nanostructured secretome
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DOI：
10.1039/c9bm01007f
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Bergese, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Busatto, S.;Zendrini, A.;Bergese, P.
术语分泌组，传统上严格指单一蛋白质，应该扩展到也包括由细胞分泌到细胞外空间的各种纳米颗粒（secNPs），其范围从几纳米的高密度脂蛋白到数百纳米的细胞外囊泡和脂肪球。对secNP作为关键生理和病理过程的调节剂/介体的作用的不断增加的理解促使了对secNP的定义的扩大，这也使它们成为突破性的无细胞治疗和诊断方法。“由细胞为细胞制造”，secNPs被设想为纳米医学的彻底范式转变，有望通过无与伦比的循环和靶向能力，精度和可持续性克服合成纳米颗粒的局限性。从更长远/更广泛的角度来看，先进的操纵可能使secNPs可作为未来“生物”纳米技术的构建模块。然而，目前的知识是分散的和部门的（大多数研究集中在一个特定的生物学和/或医学方面的一个给定的secNP类或子类），纳米级和界面特性的理解是有限的，生物工艺和监管举措的发展是在早期。我们认为，需要吸引和加强新的多学科能力和协同努力，以便向前迈进。这篇综述将有助于通过首次尝试合理地收集和阐述secNPs及其特性到一个独特的简明框架-从生物起源到胶体性质，工程和临床翻译-揭示整体观点并简化比较分析和未来开发。
The term secretome, which traditionally strictly refers to single proteins, should be expanded to also include the great variety of nanoparticles secreted by cells (secNPs) into the extracellular space, which ranges from high-density lipoproteins of a few nanometers to extracellular vesicles and fat globules of hundreds of nanometers. Widening the definition is urged by the ever-increasing understanding of the role of secNPs as regulators/mediators of key physiological and pathological processes, which also puts them in the running as breakthrough cell-free therapeutics and diagnostics. "Made by cells for cells", secNPs are envisioned as a sweeping paradigm shift in nanomedicine, promising to overcome the limitations of synthetic nanoparticles by unsurpassed circulation and targeting abilities, precision and sustainability. From a longer/wider perspective, advanced manipulation would possibly make secNPs available as building blocks for future "biogenic" nanotechnology. However, the current knowledge is fragmented and sectorial (the majority of the studies being focused on a specific biological and/or medical aspect of a given secNP class or subclass), the understanding of the nanoscale and interfacial properties is limited and the development of bioprocesses and regulatory initiatives is in the early days. We believe that new multidisciplinary competencies and synergistic efforts need to be attracted and augmented to move forward. This review will contribute to the effort by attempting for the first time to rationally gather and elaborate secNPs and their traits into a unique concise framework - from biogenesis to colloidal properties, engineering and clinical translation - disclosing the overall view and easing comparative analysis and future exploitation.