Winegrowers’ decision-making: A pan-European perspective on pesticide use and inter-row management
Winegrowers’ decision-making: A pan-European perspective on pesticide use and inter-row management
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葡萄种植者决策：农药使用和行间管理的泛欧洲视角
DOI：
10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.05.021
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Rusch, Adrien
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chen, Yang;Herrera, Rafael Alcalá;Benitez, Emilio;Hoffmann, Christoph;Möth, Stefan;Paredes, Daniel;Plaas, Elke;Popescu, Daniela;Rascher, Silke;Rusch, Adrien
欧洲的葡萄栽培景观不仅支持农村生计和文化传统的重要份额，而且还保护生物多样性和维持各种生态系统服务。葡萄种植者的行间管理做法（包括行间是否有植被、植被类型、植被覆盖的持续时间和土壤耕作）和杀虫剂使用（包括行间除草剂、杀真菌剂、杀虫剂和信息素分配器作为替代品）可能会影响这些服务。本研究旨在了解欧洲五个葡萄种植区的葡萄种植者的个人特征、对葡萄栽培实践的态度和信念、葡萄园的物理特性和农场管理特征对葡萄种植者决策的影响。其中包括德国的普法尔茨、奥地利的莱塔伯格、罗马尼亚的塔尔纳夫、法国的波尔多和西班牙的蒙蒂利亚-莫里尔斯。基于问卷调查，我们构建了决策树，每个案例研究的每个行为，以及在一个通用的欧洲模型。我们发现了最能解释葡萄种植者如何管理行间种植和使用杀虫剂的因素。结果表明，不仅葡萄酒种植者的行为在案例研究中有很大差异，而且解释大多数行为的因素也有很大差异：农民的态度和信仰以及农场管理特点。这意味着态度和信念在理解农民行为方面的重要性，与其他因素相比，对态度和信念的研究不足。由于每个案例研究的驱动因素各不相同，我们的研究结果也意味着需要因地制宜的政策。此外，我们的研究结果表明，气候变化对欧洲葡萄栽培景观的影响不仅涉及生产区域的转移和产量的变化，而且还改变了病虫害的压力。任何长期的行为改变都需要许多利益攸关方的努力。
European viticultural landscapes not only support a significant share of rural livelihoods and cultural traditions, but also conserve biodiversity and sustain various ecosystem services. Winegrowers' practices of inter-row management (including whether to have vegetation in the inter-rows, type of vegetation, duration of vegetation cover, and soil tillage) and pesticide use (including herbicides in the inter-rows, fungicides, insecticides, and pheromone dispensers as an alternative) can affect these services. This study aims to understand winegrowers' decision-making driven by their personal characteristics, attitudes and beliefs towards viticultural practices, physical properties of vineyards, and farm management characteristics in five European winegrowing regions. These include Palatinate in Germany, Leithaberg in Austria, Tarnave in Romania, Bordeaux in France, and Montilla-Moriles in Spain. Based on a questionnaire survey, we constructed decision trees for each behaviour per case study as well as in a generic European model. We found factors that best explain how winegrowers manage their inter-rows and use pesticides. Results showed that not only do behaviours of winegrowers vary drastically across the case studies, but also the factors that explain most behaviours: farmers' attitudes and beliefs and farm management characteristics. This implies the importance of attitudes and beliefs – which are under-researched as compared to other factors – in understanding farmers’ behaviour. With the driving factors found to vary per case study, our results also imply the need for locally-adapted policies. Furthermore, our results suggest that the effects of climate change on European viticultural landscapes concern not only shifting production regions and changes in yields, but also changing pressure of pests and diseases. Any long-term behavioural change requires efforts from many stakeholders.