Dietary Fiber and Gut Microbiota in Renal Diets
Dietary Fiber and Gut Microbiota in Renal Diets
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DOI：
10.3390/nu11092149
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Gallieni, Maurizio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Camerotto, Carla;Cupisti, Adamasco;Gallieni, Maurizio
营养对慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者的治疗、减缓疾病进展和纠正症状至关重要。对肾脏患者的营养方法的主要内容是限制蛋白质，并提供足够的能量以防止营养不良。然而，肾脏饮食的其他方面，包括纤维含量，可能是有益的。本文综述了有关不同类型膳食纤维在慢性肾脏病中的作用的最新文献，特别关注肠道微生物区系和肾脏饮食的潜在保护作用。纤维已经根据水的溶解性进行了鉴定，但还应考虑其他特性，如粘度、发酵性和在结肠中的膨胀效应。不仅在普通人群中，而且在CKD患者中也应推荐适量的纤维，以实现肠道微生物区系的足够组成和代谢，并降低与肥胖、糖尿病和血脂异常相关的风险。
Nutrition is crucial for the management of patients affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD) to slow down disease progression and to correct symptoms. The mainstay of the nutritional approach to renal patients is protein restriction coupled with adequate energy supply to prevent malnutrition. However, other aspects of renal diets, including fiber content, can be beneficial. This paper summarizes the latest literature on the role of different types of dietary fiber in CKD, with special attention to gut microbiota and the potential protective role of renal diets. Fibers have been identified based on aqueous solubility, but other features, such as viscosity, fermentability, and bulking effect in the colon should be considered. A proper amount of fiber should be recommended not only in the general population but also in CKD patients, to achieve an adequate composition and metabolism of gut microbiota and to reduce the risks connected with obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.