Artificial light at night as a new threat to pollination
Artificial light at night as a new threat to pollination
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/nature23288
复制
发表时间：
2017-08-10
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Fontaine, Colin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knop, Eva;Zoller, Leana;Fontaine, Colin
传粉者在全球范围内正在减少(1)，这引起了人们对它们为农作物和野生植物提供的基本授粉服务的平行下降的担忧(2，3)。与这种下降有关的人为驱动因素包括栖息地变化、集约农业、杀虫剂、外来入侵物种、病原体传播和气候变化(1)。最近，全球夜间人工光的迅速增加(4)被认为是对陆地生态系统的新威胁；这种增加对生态系统功能的影响大多未知(5，6)。在这里，我们表明，夜间的人造光扰乱了夜间授粉网络，并对植物繁殖成功产生了负面影响。在人工照明的植物传粉者群落中，与黑暗地区相比，夜间对植物的访问减少了62%。值得注意的是，这导致一株焦点植物的座果率总体上减少了13%，尽管该植物也受到了大量白天授粉者的访问。此外，通过合并昼夜授粉子网络，我们表明，这些组合网络的结构倾向于促进夜间授粉中断的负面影响扩散到日间传粉者群落。我们的研究结果表明，夜间人工光对授粉是一种威胁，夜间人工光对夜间授粉的负面影响预计将传播到昼夜群落，从而加剧昼夜群落的衰退。我们提供了关于植物传粉者群落功能的观点，表明夜间传粉者对于白天的群落并不是多余的，并增加了我们对人类导致传粉者及其生态系统服务功能下降的理解。
Pollinators are declining worldwide(1) and this has raised concerns for a parallel decline in the essential pollination service they provide to both crops and wild plants(2,3). Anthropogenic drivers linked to this decline include habitat changes, intensive agriculture, pesticides, invasive alien species, spread of pathogens and climate change(1). Recently, the rapid global increase in artificial light at night(4) has been proposed to be a new threat to terrestrial ecosystems; the consequences of this increase for ecosystem function are mostly unknown(5,6). Here we show that artificial light at night disrupts nocturnal pollination networks and has negative consequences for plant reproductive success. In artificially illuminated plant-pollinator communities, nocturnal visits to plants were reduced by 62% compared to dark areas. Notably, this resulted in an overall 13% reduction in fruit set of a focal plant even though the plant also received numerous visits by diurnal pollinators. Furthermore, by merging diurnal and nocturnal pollination sub-networks, we show that the structure of these combined networks tends to facilitate the spread of the negative consequences of disrupted nocturnal pollination to daytime pollinator communities. Our findings demonstrate that artificial light at night is a threat to pollination and that the negative effects of artificial light at night on nocturnal pollination are predicted to propagate to the diurnal community, thereby aggravating the decline of the diurnal community. We provide perspectives on the functioning of plant-pollinator communities, showing that nocturnal pollinators are not redundant to diurnal communities and increasing our understanding of the human-induced decline in pollinators and their ecosystem service.