The role of high school performance in explaining women's rising college enrollment
The role of high school performance in explaining women's rising college enrollment
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DOI：
10.1016/j.econedurev.2006.03.001
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Cho, Donghun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cho, Donghun
30年前，男性高中毕业生比女性高中毕业生更有可能进入大学，但这种模式在20世纪80年代末发生了逆转。从那时起，大学入学率的性别差距继续扩大。在本文中，我研究了几个因素，可能会影响不同的大学入学模式的年轻男性和女性。使用三个具有全国代表性的高中生纵向数据集，我发现，女性的高中表现，如考试成绩和数学和科学课程的数量，在过去的三十年中，男性的增长速度更快。一个简单的分解练习表明，女性在高中成绩方面的更大进步可以解释过去三十年来大学入学性别差距变化的一半以上。使用一个简单的理论模型，我表明，妇女的上级表现在高中的贡献，以妇女的增加大学入学率相结合的外源性变化的影响如何高中准备妇女上大学，并在高中表现的变化引起妇女的优化反应，以增加劳动力市场的机会。(c)2006爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
While male high school graduates were more likely to enroll in college than their female counterparts three decades ago, this pattern reversed by the late 1980s. The gender gap in college attendance rates has continued to increase ever since. In this paper, I examine several factors that might affect the diverging college entrance patterns for young men and women. Using three nationally representative longitudinal data sets of high school students, I find that women's high school performance-as measured by test scores and the number of math and science courses taken-increased more rapidly then men's over the past three decades. A simple decomposition exercise indicates that women's greater advances in high school achievement can account for more than half of the change in the college enrollment gender gap over the past three decades. Using a simple theoretical model, I show that the contribution of women's superior performance in high school to women's increased college attendance combines both the effects of exogenous changes in how high schools prepare women for college and changes in high school performance induced by women's optimizing responses to increased labor market opportunities. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.