Exploring Conditions That Strengthen or Weaken the Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Phenological Synchrony

Exploring Conditions That Strengthen or Weaken the Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Phenological Synchrony
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探索加强或削弱物候同步的生态和进化后果的条件

DOI:
10.1086/720899
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
The American Naturalist
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Rudolf, Volker H.
Rudolf, Volker H.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Carter, Shannon K.;Rudolf, Volker H.

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气候变化驱动的物候变化改变了自然种群和群落的时间分布,但我们对这些变化如何影响自然种群知之甚少。利用基于主体的模型,我们证明了种群内同步性(个体在时间上的变化)和物种间相互作用的时间的相互作用在一个季节性周期内塑造了种群的生态和进化动态。低同步性种群的存活率和生物量较低,但个体相对较强。这些效应出人意料地强劲,不需要基于大小的竞争不对称。然而,降低种群同步性可能会对种群人口学产生负面或积极的影响,这取决于焦点物种的物候相对于竞争对手是提前还是延迟。此外,当种间竞争对手较早到达和种群同步性较高时,对较早孵化的选择增加。这些结果强调了种群内个体物候变化的重要性,以更好地了解物种相互作用并预测物候变化的生态和进化结果。
Climate change–driven phenological shifts alter the temporal distributions of natural populations and communities, but we have little understanding of how these shifts affect natural populations. Using agent-based models, we show that the interaction of within-population synchrony (individual variation in timing) and timing of interspecific interactions shapes ecological and evolutionary dynamics of populations within a seasonal cycle. Low-synchrony populations had lower survival and biomass but relatively stronger individuals. These effects were surprisingly robust and did not require size-based competitive asymmetries. However, reducing population synchrony could either negatively or positively affect population demography depending on whether the phenology of the focal species was advanced or delayed relative to its competitor. Furthermore, selection for earlier hatching increased when the interspecific competitor arrived earlier and when population synchrony was high. These results emphasize the importance of variation in the phenology of individuals within populations to better understand species interactions and predict ecological and evolutionary outcomes of phenological shifts.
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