Observation system simulation experiments in the Atlantic Ocean for enhanced surface ocean pCO2 reconstructions
Observation system simulation experiments in the Atlantic Ocean for enhanced surface ocean pCO2 reconstructions
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DOI：
10.5194/os-17-1011-2021
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发表时间：
2021-08-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Vrac, Mathieu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Denvil-Sommer, Anna;Gehlen, Marion;Vrac, Mathieu
为了得出大西洋和南大洋大西洋部分表层海洋pCO（2）的最佳观测系统，完成了11个观测系统模拟实验。每个OSSE都是一个前馈神经网络（FFNN），它基于不同的数据分布，并提供2008-2010年期间的海洋表面pCO（2），时间间隔为5d。根据三个观测平台、志愿观测船、Argo浮标和OceanSITES系泊装置的地理和时间位置，利用标称分辨率为0.25度的在线物理-地球化学耦合全球海洋模型的输出构建了伪观测。这项工作的目的是找到观测的最佳空间分布，以补充广泛使用的表层海洋CO2图集（SOCAT），并提高海洋表面pCO（2）重建的准确性。OSSE表明，来自系泊站的额外数据以及相当于至少25%的活动浮标密度（2008-2010年）（OSSE 10）的地球化学ARGO浮标对南半球的覆盖范围的改善将显著改善pCO（2）重建，并将海-气CO2通量的推导估计值与海洋模型输出值相比的偏差减少74%。
To derive an optimal observation system for surface ocean pCO(2) in the Atlantic Ocean and the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, 11 observation system simulation experiments (OSSEs) were completed. Each OSSE is a feedforward neural network (FFNN) that is based on a different data distribution and provides ocean surface pCO(2) for the period 2008-2010 with a 5d time interval. Based on the geographical and time positions from three observational platforms, volunteering observing ships, Argo floats and OceanSITES moorings, pseudo-observations were constructed using the outputs from an online-coupled physical-biogeochemical global ocean model with 0.25 degrees nominal resolution. The aim of this work was to find an optimal spatial distribution of observations to supplement the widely used Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) and to improve the accuracy of ocean surface pCO(2) reconstructions. OSSEs showed that the additional data from mooring stations and an improved coverage of the Southern Hemisphere with biogeochemical ARGO floats corresponding to least 25% of the density of active floats (2008-2010) (OSSE 10) would significantly improve the pCO(2) reconstruction and reduce the bias of derived estimates of sea-air CO2 fluxes by 74% compared to ocean model outputs.