Hormesis-Mediated Mechanisms Underlying Bioactivities of Phytochemicals
Hormesis-Mediated Mechanisms Underlying Bioactivities of Phytochemicals
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DOI：
10.1007/s40495-020-00235-4
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发表时间：
2020-08
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Murakami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Murakami
综述的目的这篇综述文章的目的是强调兴奋效应的概念的重要性，更重要的同化机制的基础上的多才多艺的生物活性的phytochemicals.Recent FindingsSome phytochemicals已被报道通过激活两个关键转录因子相关的兴奋效应，即，核因子E2相关因子2（NRF 2）和热休克因子1（HSF 1）。一些报告表明，这些植物化学物质，包括槲皮素，白藜芦醇和姜黄素，上调了各种动物细胞中的转录因子。此外，我们已经证明，zerumbone上调NRF2诱导抗氧化和外源性代谢酶。该试剂显示激活HSF 1，用于通过与细胞蛋白质的非特异性结合来促进蛋白质质量控制系统以诱导应激（蛋白质应激）。同样重要的是要注意，zerumbone诱导的蛋白质应激至少部分有助于其抗炎功能。令人感兴趣的是，一些环境毒素已被发现具有有益的效果时，在适当的剂量，而过量的植物化学物质，包括绿色茶儿茶素，已被报道表现出不利影响，在vivo.SummaryMechanisms植物化学物质的生物活性似乎与其化学性质的一部分，作为外源性物质，而其显着的潜力，表现出兴奋反应已被证明。换句话说，它们可以被描述为一把“双刃剑”，因为过量的植物化学物质已被证明会引起不良影响。因此，应该注意的是，剂量和摄入频率和时间是确定的关键因素，以优化疗效并最大限度地减少副作用。
Purpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review article is to highlight the importance of the concept of hormesis for more essential assimilation of mechanisms underlying the versatile bioactivities of phytochemicals.Recent FindingsSome phytochemicals have been reported to exhibit bioactivities through activation of two key transcription factors related to hormesis, i.e., nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). Several reports have shown that those phytochemicals, including quercetin, resveratrol, and curcumin, up-regulated those transcription factors in a variety of animal cells. In addition, we have demonstrated that zerumbone up-regulates NRF2 for inducing antioxidative and xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. This agent was shown to activate HSF1 for promoting protein quality control systems via non-specific binding with cellular proteins to induce stress (proteo-stress). It is also important to note that proteo-stress induced by zerumbone contributes, at least in part, to its anti-inflammatory functions. It is intriguing that some environmental toxins have been found to possess beneficial effects when given at appropriate doses, whereas overdosed phytochemicals, including green tea catechins, have been reported to exhibit adverse effects in vivo.SummaryMechanisms underlying the bioactivities of phytochemicals seem to be associated in part with their chemical natures as xenobiotics, while their remarkable potential to exhibit hormetic responses has been demonstrated. In other words, they can be described as a “double-edged sword,” because overdoses of phytochemicals have been shown to cause adverse effects. Therefore, it should be noted that dosage and ingestion frequencies and periods are key factors to establish in order to optimize efficacy and minimize side effects.