Functional Dissociations within the Ventral Object Processing Pathway: Cognitive Modules or a Hierarchical Continuum?
Functional Dissociations within the Ventral Object Processing Pathway: Cognitive Modules or a Hierarchical Continuum?
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn.2009.21373
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Saksida, Lisa M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cowell, Rosemary A.;Bussey, Timothy J.;Saksida, Lisa M.
我们研究了腹侧物体加工通路的组织和功能。该领域的主流理论认为，腹侧物体加工流具有模块化的组织结构，其中视觉感知在后部区域进行，视觉记忆在前额叶独立地进行。相比之下，最近的研究反对这种模块化框架，转而支持对这些区域的认知过程进行连续的、分层次的描述。我们加入了后一组，并用一个计算模型的模拟来说明我们的观点，该模型扩展了Bussey和Saksida[Bussey，T.J.，&Saksida，L.M.视觉对象表征的组织：损伤在虹膜周围皮质的影响的连接主义模型》提出的感知-助记特征-联合模型。《欧洲神经科学杂志》，15,355-364,2002年]。我们使用扩展的模型来回顾Iwai和Mishkin[Iwai，E.，&Mishkin，M.]的早期数据，这两个视觉焦点位于猴子的颞叶。在N.Yoshii和N.Buchwald(编辑)中，学习和行为的神经生理学基础(pp.1-11)。日本：大阪大学出版社，1968]；这项开创性的研究被解释为视觉感知和视觉记忆的模块化的证据。该模型解释了猴子在腹侧视觉流不同区域受损后视觉辨别能力的双重分离。这种双重分离经常被引用为感知和记忆的独立系统的证据。然而，该模型提供了一个节俭的、机械性的、单系统的双解离数据解释。我们认为，腹侧视流损害对视觉辨别的影响是由于层级表征连续体中的折衷表征，而不是特定类型的学习、记忆或知觉的损害。我们认为，与试图将认知映射到功能模块相比，考虑刺激表征的性质及其在皮质中的处理是一种更有成效的方法。
We examined the organization and function of the ventral object processing pathway. The prevailing theoretical approach in this field holds that the ventral object processing stream has a modular organization, in which visual perception is carried out in posterior regions and visual memory is carried out, independently, in the anterior temporal lobe. In contrast, recent work has argued against this modular framework, favoring instead a continuous, hierarchical account of cognitive processing in these regions. We join the latter group and illustrate our view with simulations from a computational model that extends the perceptual-mnemonic feature-conjunction model of visual discrimination proposed by Bussey and Saksida [Bussey, T. J., & Saksida, L. M. The organization of visual object representations: A connectionist model of effects of lesions in perirhinal cortex. European Journal of Neuroscience, 15, 355-364, 2002]. We use the extended model to revisit early data from Iwai and Mishkin [Iwai, E., & Mishkin, M. Two visual foci in the temporal lobe of monkeys. In N. Yoshii & N. Buchwald (Eds.), Neurophysiological basis of learning and behavior (pp. 1-11). Japan: Osaka University Press, 1968]; this seminal study was interpreted as evidence for the modularity of visual perception and visual memory. The model accounts for a double dissociation in monkeys' visual discrimination performance following lesions to different regions of the ventral visual stream. This double dissociation is frequently cited as evidence for separate systems for perception and memory. However, the model provides a parsimonious, mechanistic, single-system account of the double dissociation data. We propose that the effects of lesions in ventral visual stream on visual discrimination are due to compromised representations within a hierarchical representational continuum rather than impairment in a specific type of learning, memory, or perception. We argue that consideration of the nature of stimulus representations and their processing in cortex is a more fruitful approach than attempting to map cognition onto functional modules.