Top down control of spinal sensorimotor circuits essential for survival.
Top down control of spinal sensorimotor circuits essential for survival.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1113/jp273360
复制
发表时间：
2017-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lumb BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koutsikou S;Apps R;Lumb BM
与具有挑战性的环境相互作用的能力需要感觉和运动系统的协调，这是适当的生存行为的基础。所有的动物，包括人类，分别使用主动和被动的应对策略来应对可逃避或不可逃避的威胁。在不同物种中，与生存行为有关的神经通路是高度保守的，人们一致认为，对这些通路的了解是理解支撑人类情感的神经回路和治疗焦虑或其他普遍情绪障碍的基本步骤。中脑导水管周围灰质（PAG）位于防御唤醒系统的核心，其完整性对生存行为的表达至关重要。迄今为止，对防御行为的“自上而下控制”成分的研究主要集中在PAG激活的感觉和自主后果上。在这种情况下，对运动活动的影响受到的关注相对较少，尽管有大量证据表明PAG在协调对生存至关重要的运动反应（例如，恐惧反应中的冻结）中起着关键作用。在本文中，我们概述了从PAG自上而下控制的感觉功能，包括选择性控制不同形式的感觉，包括本体感觉，将信息转发到主要的棘上运动控制中心小脑。接下来，我们自己和其他实验室关于PAG控制运动流出的证据也进行了讨论。最后，PAG的感觉运动功能的整合被认为是协调防御行为的一部分，使动物做好准备并能够对危险做出反应。
The ability to interact with challenging environments requires coordination of sensory and motor systems that underpin appropriate survival behaviours. All animals, including humans, use active and passive coping strategies to react to escapable or inescapable threats, respectively. Across species the neural pathways involved in survival behaviours are highly conserved and there is a consensus that knowledge of such pathways is a fundamental step towards understanding the neural circuits underpinning emotion in humans and treating anxiety or other prevalent emotional disorders. The midbrain periaqueductal grey (PAG) lies at the heart of the defence‐arousal system and its integrity is paramount to the expression of survival behaviours. To date, studies of ‘top down control’ components of defence behaviours have focused largely on the sensory and autonomic consequences of PAG activation. In this context, effects on motor activity have received comparatively little attention, despite overwhelming evidence of a pivotal role for the PAG in coordinating motor responses essential to survival (e.g. such as freezing in response to fear). In this article we provide an overview of top down control of sensory functions from the PAG, including selective control of different modalities of sensory, including proprioceptive, information forwarded to a major supsraspinal motor control centre, the cerebellum. Next, evidence from our own and other laboratories of PAG control of motor outflow is also discussed. Finally, the integration of sensorimotor functions by the PAG is considered, as part of coordinated defence behaviours that prepare an animal to be ready and able to react to danger.