Cultural neuroscience of the self: understanding the social grounding of the brain
Cultural neuroscience of the self: understanding the social grounding of the brain
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DOI：
10.1093/scan/nsq052
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Park, Jiyoung
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kitayama, Shinobu;Park, Jiyoung
文化神经科学是一个跨学科的研究领域，研究文化、思维和大脑之间的相互关系。借助越来越多关于心理过程中文化差异的科学证据，以及社会和认知神经科学的最新发展，这一新兴的研究领域渴望了解文化作为构成日常社会现实的价值观、意义、习俗和人工制品的混合体，可能如何与文化中每个个体成员的头脑及其潜在的大脑通路相互作用。在这篇文章中，作者简要回顾了一些研究，这些研究表明，文化工具和实践对大脑过程的可塑性塑造程度令人惊讶，作者讨论了涉及自我表征、认知、情感和动机的大脑过程的文化差异。然后他们提出(I)文化的基本价值，如独立性和相互依赖，反映在文化任务的组成中(即，为实现文化价值而设计的日常程序)，以及进一步(Ii)积极和持续地参与这些任务产生了大脑的文化模式的神经活动，从而为具体化的自我和身份的构建奠定了基础。文中还讨论了文化和大脑研究的意义。
Cultural neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field of research that investigates interrelations among culture, mind and the brain. Drawing on both the growing body of scientific evidence on cultural variation in psychological processes and the recent development of social and cognitive neuroscience, this emerging field of research aspires to understand how culture as an amalgam of values, meanings, conventions, and artifacts that constitute daily social realities might interact with the mind and its underlying brain pathways of each individual member of the culture. In this article, following a brief review of studies that demonstrate the surprising degree to which brain processes are malleably shaped by cultural tools and practices, the authors discuss cultural variation in brain processes involved in self-representations, cognition, emotion and motivation. They then propose (i) that primary values of culture such as independence and interdependence are reflected in the compositions of cultural tasks (i.e. daily routines designed to accomplish the cultural values) and further (ii) that active and sustained engagement in these tasks yields culturally patterned neural activities of the brain, thereby laying the ground for the embodied construction of the self and identity. Implications for research on culture and the brain are discussed.