Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana
Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana
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DOI：
10.1038/45471
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发表时间：
1999-12-16
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Venter, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin, XY;Kaul, SS;Venter, JC
拟南芥 (Arabidopsis) 在植物模式生物中是独一无二的，因为它具有较小的基因组 (130-140 Mb)、出色的物理和遗传图谱以及很少的重复 DNA。在这里，我们报告了哥伦比亚生态型 2 号染色体的序列，位于 3.6 和 16 兆碱基 (Mb) 的两个无间隙组装体（重叠群）中。后者代表了迄今为止由任何生物体组装而成的最长的已发表的不间断 DNA 序列。 2 号染色体占基因组的 15%，编码 4,037 个基因，其中 49% 没有预测功能。除了 2 号和 1 号染色体之间以及 2 号和 4 号染色体之间分别约 0.5 和 4.5 Mb 的大规模重复之外，还发现了大约 250 个串联基因重复。对基因定义的着丝粒内近 2 Mb 的测序揭示了可识别基因的低密度，以及高密度和多样化的残留和可能不活跃的移动元件。更出乎意料的是，最近似乎将线粒体基因组的 75% 的连续片段插入到了 2 号染色体中。
Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) is unique among plant model organisms in having a small genome (130-140 Mb), excellent physical and genetic maps, and little repetitive DNA. Here we report the sequence of chromosome 2 from the Columbia ecotype in two gap-free assemblies (contigs) of 3.6 and 16 megabases (Mb). The latter represents the longest published stretch of uninterrupted DNA sequence assembled from any organism to date. Chromosome 2 represents 15% of the genome and encodes 4,037 genes, 49% of which have no predicted function. Roughly 250 tandem gene duplications were found in addition to large-scale duplications of about 0.5 and 4.5 Mb between chromosomes 2 and 1 and between chromosomes 2 and 4, respectively. Sequencing of nearly 2 Mb within the genetically defined centromere revealed a low density of recognizable genes, and a high density and diverse range of vestigial and presumably inactive mobile elements. More unexpected is what appears to be a recent insertion of a continuous stretch of 75% of the mitochondrial genome into chromosome 2.