The Process of Question Answering — A Computer Simulation of Cognition
The Process of Question Answering — A Computer Simulation of Cognition
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问答过程——认知的计算机模拟
DOI：
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发表时间：
1979
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Colclough
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Colclough
回答问题的过程并不是人类智力活动中一个有很好记录的领域，尽管我们的日常生活中充满了它。Wendy Lehnert在最近一项关于这一主题的研究中表示，这种缺乏洞察力的原因是这样一个事实：“人们在很大程度上没有意识到回答问题所涉及的认知过程，因此对这些过程的复杂性也不敏感。”但对于几乎所有的心理活动来说，这都可能是真的。认知科学家(和他们的前辈)直观地感觉到，问题及其适当答案的主要部分是概念上的沼泽。在交流中，问题几乎可以用于任何目的：不仅是为了获取信息或请求采取行动，而且也是为了诱导信息(如在苏格拉底对话中。Collins，1977)，在谈话中改变话题，甚至回答问题。因此，人们可能会想，问题是否形成了一个适当的概念范畴。对一个问题的解释可以涵盖整个语篇理解领域。但答案的产生可能涉及更多内容：它可能引发任何形式的人类认知处理。因此，答案的真实性、价值或适当性可以成为哲学辩论的主题。尽管Wendy Lehnert在她的研究中对问题的性质和它们所指的概念领域(故事)提出了一些重要的限制，但她并没有回避复杂性
The processes of question answering are not a very well documented area of human intellectual activity, although our daily life is pervaded with it. According to Wendy Lehnert in a recent study on this subject this lack of insight is due to the fact that "People are largely unconscious of the cognitive processes involved in answering a question, and are consequently insensitive to the complexities of those processes." But this may be true for almost any psychological activity. The maining of questions and their appropriate answers has been felt intuitively by cognitive scientist (and their predecessors) to be a conceptual swamp. Questions can be used for almost any purpose in communication: not only to obtain information or to request actions, but also to induce information (as in a Socratic dialogue, of. Collins, 1977), to change topic in a conversation and even to answer questions. One may therefore wonder whether questions form a proper conceptual category. The interpretation of a question may cover the complete area of discourse comprehension. But the production of an answer may involve even more: it may elicit any form of human cognitive processing. And, then, the truth value or appropriateness of the answer can be the subject of philosophic debate. Although Wendy Lehnert has put in her study some important restrictions to the nature of questions and to the conceptual domain they refer to (stories), she has by no means evaded the complexity