Sociopsychological analysis of conflict-supporting narratives: A general framework
Sociopsychological analysis of conflict-supporting narratives: A general framework
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DOI：
10.1177/0022343314533984
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Nets-Zehngut, Rafi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bar-Tal, Daniel;Oren, Neta;Nets-Zehngut, Rafi
卷入棘手冲突的社会形成了支持冲突的叙述，这些叙述阐明了他们的群体间冲突并为其辩护。这些叙事在满足相关个人和集体的基本社会心理需求方面发挥了重要作用。为了完成这一角色，叙事往往偏向于群体内、选择性、扭曲和简单化。这篇文章分析了这样的叙事，主要集中在以下几个主题上：(冲突的)辩护和威胁，(对手的)非正当化，(群体内的)荣耀和受害者，群体内的爱国主义和团结的需要，以及对和平的渴望。此外，文章还描述了这些叙事的个人和集体功能。叙述了叙事建构中的六种主要方法：依赖支持来源、边缘化矛盾信息、放大支持主题、构建支持内容、省略矛盾内容、使用框架语言。由于支持冲突的叙述功能如此强大，有关社会难以维持其在本国社会以及在国际社会中的主导地位。因此，本文介绍了各方在其社会内部斗争中使用的七种方法--控制信息获取、审查、诋毁自相矛盾的信息、监测、惩罚、鼓励和奖励以及关闭档案。类似的方法也被用于国际舞台上的斗争。最后，它描述了从坚持支持冲突的叙述到构建和坚持新的支持和平的叙述的转变过程。
Societies involved in intractable conflicts form conflict-supporting narratives that illuminate and justify their intergroup conflicts. These narratives play an important role in satisfying the basic sociopsychological needs of the involved individuals and collectives. In order to fulfill this role the narratives tend to be biased in favor of the in-group, selective, distorting and simplistic. This article analyzes such narratives that focus on the following major themes: Justification and Threats (of conflict), Delegitimization (of the opponent), Glorification and Victimhood (of the in-group), the in-group's need for Patriotism and Unity, and its Aspiration for Peace. Additionally, the article describes the individual and collective functions of these narratives. It also describes six main methods that are used in the narratives' construction: reliance on supportive sources, marginalization of contradictory information, magnification of supportive themes, fabrication of supportive contents, omission of contradictory contents, and use of framing language. Because conflict-supporting narratives are so functional, the involved societies struggle to support their dominance within their own society as well as in the international community. This article, therefore, presents seven methods that are used by the parties in their intrasocietal struggles - control of access to information, censorship, discrediting of contradicting information, monitoring, punishment, encouragement and rewarding, and closure of archives. Similar methods are used in the international arena struggles. Finally, it describes the process of change from adherence to the conflict-supportive narratives to the construction of new peace-supporting narratives and adherence to them.