Electrophysiological evidence for the understanding of maternal speech by 9-month-old infants.
Electrophysiological evidence for the understanding of maternal speech by 9-month-old infants.
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797612438734
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Csibra G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parise E;Csibra G
婴儿早期的单词学习依赖于统计、韵律和社会线索，这些线索支持语音分割和对单词的意义依附。这种早期的单词知识是否仅仅代表了声音模式和视觉对象特征之间的联系，还是反映了对单词的参照理解，这一点一直存在争议。通过使用事件相关脑电位，我们证明了9个月大的婴儿可以检测到从封堵器后面出现的物体与他们母亲介绍它的前面的标签之间的不匹配。N400效应已被证明反映了成人的语义启动，而婴儿的N400效应被解释为联想单词学习的迹象。通过建立一个参照物体的现场交流情境，我们证明了类似的启动效应也发生在幼儿身上。这一发现可能表明，词义从一开始就是参照的，它推动了人类的词汇习得，而不是结果。
Early word learning in infants relies on statistical, prosodic, and social cues that support speech segmentation and the attachment of meaning to words. It is debated whether such early word knowledge represents mere associations between sound patterns and visual object features, or reflects referential understanding of words. By using event-related brain potentials, we demonstrate that 9-month-old infants detect the mismatch between an object appearing from behind an occluder and a preceding label with which their mother introduces it. The N400 effect has been shown to reflect semantic priming in adults, and its absence in infants has been interpreted as a sign of associative word learning. By setting up a live communicative situation for referring to objects, we demonstrate that a similar priming effect also occurs in young infants. This finding may indicate that word meaning is referential from the outset, and it drives, rather than results from, vocabulary acquisition in humans.