Drug involvement during and after college: Estimates of opportunity and use given opportunity
Drug involvement during and after college: Estimates of opportunity and use given opportunity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.01.025
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Arria, Amelia M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen, Hannah K.;Caldeira, Kimberly M.;Arria, Amelia M.
背景：大学生认为校园内非医疗用途的药物和处方药广泛存在，但对这些药物的使用机会、使用机会和在大学期间和毕业后使用这些药物的机会之间的关系知之甚少。目前的研究描述了(1)使用机会，(2)使用和(3)使用机会的八种药物和三种非医学使用的处方药超过七年的年度趋势。方法：数据来自一所大型公立大学的1253名一年级大学生（52%为女性，72%为非西班牙裔白人）的纵向队列研究。每年对大麻、致幻剂、吸入剂、可卡因、摇头丸、安非他明、甲基苯丙胺、海洛因以及处方兴奋剂、镇痛药和镇静剂的非医疗使用情况进行评估。创建二元变量来表示每种药物的使用机会，使用机会和使用机会。结果：在研究期间，与其他药物相比，参与者使用大麻的机会最大，但随着时间的推移，使用大麻的机会显著下降。值得注意的是，吸食大麻以外的毒品和非医疗用途处方药的机会持续下降，而吸食大麻的机会随着时间的推移保持相对稳定。结论：这些发现表明，药物使用的变化是由使用机会的变化驱动的，即使在大学毕业后的几年里也是如此。与大学毕业后相比，在大学期间使用和使用所有药物的机会更大，这证实了大学环境的高风险性质。(C) 2017 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Background: College students perceive widespread availability of drugs and prescription medications for non-medical use on campus, but less is known about the relationship between opportunity to use, use, and use given opportunity of these drugs during and after college. The current study describes annual trends in (1) opportunity to use, (2) use, and (3) use given opportunity of eight drugs and three prescription medications used non-medically over seven years.Methods: Data were derived from a longitudinal cohort study of 1253 first-year college students (52% female, 72% non-Hispanic white) at one large, public university. Annually, past-year opportunity to use and use were assessed for marijuana, hallucinogens, inhalants, cocaine, ecstasy, amphetamines, methamphetamine, heroin, and non-medical use of prescription stimulants, analgesics, and tranquilizers. Binary variables were created to represent opportunity to use, use, and use given opportunity for each drug.Results: Participants had the greatest opportunity to use marijuana compared with other drugs during the study period, but there was a significant decline in the opportunity to use marijuana over time. Notably, opportunity for both drugs other than marijuana and prescription medications used non-medically consistently declined, while use given opportunity remained relatively stable over time.Conclusions: These findings suggest that changes in drug use are driven by changes in opportunity to use, even during the post-college years. Greater opportunity to use and use of all drugs during the college years in comparison with the post-college years confirms the high-risk nature of the college environment. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.