Reputation for reciprocity engages the brain reward center
Reputation for reciprocity engages the brain reward center
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1008137107
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发表时间：
2010-07-20
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
McCabe, Kevin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Phan, K. Luan;Sripada, Chandra Sekhar;McCabe, Kevin
大脑奖励回路，包括腹侧纹状体和眶额皮层，独立地与对公平和合作结果的偏好以及对声誉的学习有关。使用功能性核磁共振成像 (fMRI) 和“信任游戏”任务（涉及与获得不同互惠声誉的虚构合作伙伴进行迭代交流），我们测量了 36 名健康成年人在积极行动（将投资委托给合作伙伴）产生正回报（互惠）时的大脑反应，以及这些大脑反应如何受到合作伙伴偿还声誉的调节。在这里，我们表明正互易性强烈地参与了腹侧纹状体和眶额皮质。此外，腹侧纹状体中的这种互惠信号选择性地出现，以响应始终回报投资的合作伙伴（例如互惠声誉），而对于缺乏互惠声誉的合作伙伴则不存在。这些发现通过与奖励相关的神经基质阐明了人类合作关系启动和维持的基本大脑机制。
Brain reward circuitry, including ventral striatum and orbitofrontal cortex, has been independently implicated in preferences for fair and cooperative outcomes as well as learning of reputations. Using functional MRI (fMRI) and a "trust game" task involving iterative exchanges with fictive partners who acquire different reputations for reciprocity, we measured brain responses in 36 healthy adults when positive actions (entrust investment to partners) yield positive returns (reciprocity) and how these brain responses are modulated by partner reputation for repayment. Here we show that positive reciprocity robustly engages the ventral striatum and orbitofrontal cortex. Moreover, this signal of reciprocity in the ventral striatum appears selectively in response to partners who have consistently returned the investment (e.g., a reputation for reciprocity) and is absent for partners who lack a reputation for reciprocity. These findings elucidate a fundamental brain mechanism, via reward-related neural substrates, by which human cooperative relationships are initiated and sustained.