Radiocarbon Analyses Quantify Peat Carbon Losses With Increasing Temperature in a Whole Ecosystem Warming Experiment

Radiocarbon Analyses Quantify Peat Carbon Losses With Increasing Temperature in a Whole Ecosystem Warming Experiment
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放射性碳分析量化了整个生态系统变暖实验中随着温度升高而造成的泥炭碳损失

DOI:
10.1029/2021jg006511
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kolka, Randall K.
Kolka, Randall K.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wilson, Rachel M.;Griffiths, Natalie A.;Visser, Ate;McFarlane, Karis J.;Sebestyen, Stephen D.;Oleheiser, Keith C.;Bosman, Samantha;Hopple, Anya M.;Tfaily, Malak M.;Kolka, Randall K.

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气候变暖预计将加速泥炭地退化以及二氧化碳 (CO2) 和甲烷 (CH4) 的释放速度。变化环境下的云杉和泥炭地响应是一项生态系统规模的气候操纵实验,旨在研究泥炭地生态系统对气候强迫的响应。我们通过测量固体泥炭、溶解有机碳 (DOC)、CH4 和溶解 CO2 (DIC) 的 14C,研究了在 7 年时间内将泥炭沼泽加热至 +9 °C 至 3 m 深是否会导致更高的碳周转以及 CO2 和 CH4 排放。 DOC 是异养呼吸的主要底物,随着变暖而显着增加。环境地块的 DI14C 没有 7 年趋势,与 DO14C 保持相似。在 +6.75°C 和 +9°C 时,DIC(微生物呼吸的产物)的 14C 最初与周围环境类似,但在 7 年的变暖过程中变得更加消耗。我们将 DI14C 的变化归因于固相泥炭作为微生物呼吸底物的重要性日益增加,并通过放射性碳质量平衡量化了这种变化。质量平衡模型显示,随着时间的推移,加热地块中泥炭支持的 Catotelm 深度相对于环境围栏的呼吸有所增加,从环境围栏中 20%–25% 的基线增加到加热地块中的 35%–40%。我们发现变暖会刺激微生物呼吸在先前气候(较冷)条件下沉积的古老泥炭C。大型泥炭碳库的这种明显不稳定对泥炭地气候反馈具有影响,特别是当泥炭地的平衡从净碳汇转向碳源时。
Climate warming is expected to accelerate peatland degradation and release rates of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). Spruce and Peatlands Responses Under Changing Environments is an ecosystem‐scale climate manipulation experiment, designed to examine peatland ecosystem response to climate forcings. We examined whether heating up to +9 °C to 3 m‐deep in a peat bog over a 7‐year period led to higher C turnover and CO2and CH4emissions, by measuring14C of solid peat, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), CH4, and dissolved CO2(DIC). DOC, a major substrate for heterotrophic respiration, increased significantly with warming. There was no 7‐year trend in the DI14C of the ambient plots which remained similar to their DO14C. At +6.75 °C and +9 °C, the14C of DIC, a product of microbial respiration, initially resembled ambient plots but became more depleted over 7 years of warming. We attributed the shifts in DI14C to the increasing importance of solid phase peat as a substrate for microbial respiration and quantified this shift via the radiocarbon mass balance. The mass‐balance model revealed increases in peat‐supported respiration of the catotelm depths in heated plots over time and relative to ambient enclosures, from a baseline of 20%–25% in ambient enclosures, to 35%–40% in the heated plots. We find that warming stimulates microorganisms to respire ancient peat C, deposited under prior climate (cooler) conditions. This apparent destabilization of the large peat C reservoir has implications for peatland‐climate feedbacks especially if the balance of the peatland is tipped from net C sink to C source.
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DOI: --
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影响因子: 6.7
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