Early, involuntary top-down guidance of attention from working memory
Early, involuntary top-down guidance of attention from working memory
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.31.2.248
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Blanco, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Soto, D;Heinke, D;Blanco, MJ
四个实验探讨了工作记忆，注意力和眼球运动之间的相互关系。观察者必须在垂直干扰物中识别出一条倾斜的线。每一条线都被一个彩色的形状所包围，这些形状可以通过记忆中的匹配项来预测。相对于一个中性的基线，其中没有形状匹配的记忆项目，搜索更有效的记忆线索匹配的形状包含的目标时，它是效率较低的线索刺激包含干扰。线索效应影响搜索中的最短反应时和第一次眼跳。即使记忆线索总是无效的，这种效应也会发生，但当线索不必保存在记忆中时，这种效应就不会发生。也没有证据表明连续试验之间存在启动效应。结果表明，可以有早期的，无意识的自上而下的注意力导向与工作记忆内容相匹配的刺激。
Four experiments explored the interrelations between working memory, attention, and eye movements. Observers had to identify a tilted line amongst vertical distractors. Each line was surrounded by a colored shape that could be precued by a matching item held in memory. Relative to a neutral baseline, in which no shapes matched the memory item, search was more efficient when the memory cue matched the shape containing the target, and it was less efficient when the cued stimulus contained a distractor. Cuing affected the shortest reaction times and the first saccade in search. The effect occurred even when the memory cue was always invalid but not when the cue did not have to be held in memory. There was also no evidence for priming effects between consecutive trials. The results suggest that there can be early, involuntary top-down directing of attention to a stimulus matching the contents of working memory.