Pittite Triumph and Whig Failure in the Cambridge University Constituency, 1780-96*
Pittite Triumph and Whig Failure in the Cambridge University Constituency, 1780-96*
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皮蒂党在剑桥大学选区的胜利和辉格党的失败，1780-96 年*
DOI：
10.1111/1750-0206.12724
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发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
0.2
通讯作者：
Cowan D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cowan D
剑桥大学在漫长的18世纪世纪的广泛研究中占有重要地位，但很少有人专门关注其政治背后的动态。这是令人惊讶的，因为许多剑桥大学的选举人接近领先的议员。从1780年到1796年，剑桥大学选区在连续三次大选中都有竞争。议会选举经常使剑桥大学的政治紧张局势成为焦点，这就是为什么对民意调查书的详细分析可以展示大学内部不同网络的行为，并可以定义选区候选人的表现。校长、副校长、高级管理人员、大学官员、学院院长、研究员、参议院成员和议会成员之间的关系是理解剑桥大学选民的基础。这些关系，在友谊，联盟和竞争方面，也影响了大学内的政治和赞助网络。小威廉·皮特成功地改变了剑桥大学的政治格局，这是18世纪最后20年英国政治更广泛重组的一部分。在这些事件的压力下，辉格党的团结将随着部长主义者和改革者之间出现新的分歧而结束。剑桥大学的经验可以揭示国家的转变以及如何在大学议会选区进行竞选活动。
Cambridge University has been featured in a wide range of studies of the long 18th century, but few have focused exclusively on the dynamics behind its politics. This is surprising since many of the Cambridge University electors were close to leading parliamentarians. The Cambridge University constituency was contested at each of the three successive general elections from 1780 onwards until 1796. Parliamentary contests often brought Cambridge University's political tensions into focus, which is why a detailed analysis of the poll books can demonstrate how different networks within the university behaved and could define the performance of candidates for the constituency. The relationships between the chancellors, vice‐chancellors, high stewards, university officers, college heads, fellows, senate members and members of parliament who collectively made up the leadership are fundamental to understanding the electorate of Cambridge University. These relationships, in terms of friendships, alliances and rivalries, also influenced political and patronage networks within the university. William Pitt the Younger's success in changing the political complexion of Cambridge University is part of the broader realignment in British politics during the final two decades of the 18th century. Under the pressure of these events, Whig unity would come to an end as new divisions between ministerialists and reformers emerged. The experience of Cambridge University can shed light on the national shifts as well as how electioneering was carried out in the university parliamentary constituencies.